feat: editor language menu, title field, header actions, publish dialogs, read-only rendering and draft recovery

2026-11-02 17:13:14 +01:00
1 parent a671b81f80
commit 339e646eb8
@@ -2,11 +2,18 @@
 import { computed } from 'vue'
 import { en, fr } from '@nuxt/ui/locale'
 import { locale } from '@/i18n'
-import { RouterView } from 'vue-router'
+import { RouterView, type RouteLocationNormalizedLoaded } from 'vue-router'
 import { toastsAboveBulkBar } from '@/composables/useToastOffset'
+import { liveMessage } from '@/composables/useLiveAnnouncement'

 const BULK_BAR_TOAST_OFFSET = 'max-sm:bottom-20'

+const EDITOR_PATH = '/article/:id/edit'
+
+function routeKey(route: RouteLocationNormalizedLoaded) {
+	return route.matched.some((record) => record.path === EDITOR_PATH) ? route.params.id : undefined
+}
+
 const toaster = computed(() => ({
 	ui: { viewport: toastsAboveBulkBar.value ? BULK_BAR_TOAST_OFFSET : '' },
 }))
@@ -14,6 +21,11 @@ const toaster = computed(() => ({

 <template>
 	<UApp class="isolate" :toaster="toaster" :locale="locale === 'fr' ? fr : en">
-		<RouterView />
+		<RouterView v-slot="{ Component, route }">
+			<component :is="Component" :key="routeKey(route)" />
+		</RouterView>
+		<div aria-live="polite" class="sr-only" data-testid="live-announcement">
+			{{ liveMessage }}
+		</div>
 	</UApp>
 </template>
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { useLocalizedToast } from '@/i18n/presentation'
 import type { Article } from '@/composables/useArticles'
 import { bodyImageCount } from '@/lib/bodyImageIds'

-const props = defineProps<{ article: Article }>()
+const props = defineProps<{ article: Article; multilingual?: boolean }>()

 const emit = defineEmits<{ 'copy-url': [] }>()

@@ -15,8 +15,13 @@ const toast = useLocalizedToast()

 const open = defineModel<boolean>('open', { default: false })

-const TITLE_NOTE =
-	"Titles can't be changed after an article is created. To use a different title, create a new article and delete this one."
+const titleNote = computed(() =>
+	props.multilingual
+		? t(
+				"Each language has its own title. Changing it doesn't change the URL; edit the slug in Search and sharing.",
+			)
+		: t("Changing the title doesn't change the URL; edit the slug in Search and sharing."),
+)

 const MONTH_NAMES = [
 	'Jan',
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ async function copyUrl() {
 			</div>
 			<div class="flex flex-col gap-1 border-t border-default pt-3 text-sm">
 				<p class="text-muted">{{ t('Title') }}</p>
-				<p class="text-xs/[18px] text-toned">{{ t(TITLE_NOTE) }}</p>
+				<p class="text-xs/[18px] text-toned">{{ titleNote }}</p>
 			</div>
 		</UCard>

@@ -18,9 +18,13 @@ const props = withDefaults(
 		modelValue: string
 		articleId: number
 		disabled?: boolean
+		readonly?: boolean
+		label?: string
 	}>(),
 	{
 		disabled: false,
+		readonly: false,
+		label: undefined,
 	},
 )

@@ -47,6 +51,15 @@ const extensions = [
 	}),
 ]

+const editorProps = computed(() => ({
+	attributes: {
+		role: 'textbox',
+		'aria-multiline': 'true',
+		...(props.label ? { 'aria-label': props.label } : {}),
+		...(props.readonly ? { 'aria-readonly': 'true' } : {}),
+	},
+}))
+
 function captureEditor(editor: Editor) {
 	editorInstance.value = editor
 	return ''
@@ -359,14 +372,15 @@ defineExpose({
 		:starter-kit="{ link: false }"
 		:image="false"
 		content-type="html"
-		:editable="!props.disabled"
+		:editable="!props.disabled && !props.readonly"
+		:editor-props="editorProps"
 		:ui="{ base: 'article-content' }"
 		class="article-editor grid h-full min-h-0 grid-rows-[auto_minmax(0,1fr)_auto] grid-cols-[minmax(0,1fr)] lg:grid-cols-[minmax(0,1fr)_17.5rem]"
 		@update:model-value="onUpdate"
 	>
 		<span class="hidden">{{ captureEditor(editor) }}</span>
 		<UEditorDragHandle :editor="editor" />
-		<div class="relative col-span-full row-start-1 min-w-0">
+		<div v-if="!props.readonly" class="relative col-span-full row-start-1 min-w-0">
 			<UEditorToolbar
 				ref="toolbarRef"
 				:editor="editor"
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import LocaleAlert from '@/components/localization/LocaleAlert.vue'
+import LocaleDialog from '@/components/localization/LocaleDialog.vue'
+
+defineProps<{
+	title: string
+	description: string
+	confirmLabel: string
+	notice?: { title: string; description: string }
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ close: [confirmed: boolean] }>()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<LocaleDialog
+		:title="title"
+		:description="description"
+		:confirm-label="confirmLabel"
+		@close="emit('close', false)"
+		@confirm="emit('close', true)"
+	>
+		<LocaleAlert
+			v-if="notice"
+			tone="neutral"
+			icon="i-lucide-info"
+			:title="notice.title"
+			:description="notice.description"
+		/>
+	</LocaleDialog>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import AppSwitch from '@/components/AppSwitch.vue'
+import EditorOverflowMenu from '@/components/EditorOverflowMenu.vue'
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+import { primaryLabel, unpublishLabel } from '@/lib/editorLabels'
+import type { ActionPlan } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+import type { OverflowItem } from '@/lib/editorOverflow'
+
+defineProps<{
+	plan: ActionPlan
+	language: string | null
+	offline: boolean
+	unpublishVisible: boolean
+	overflow: OverflowItem[]
+	previewable: boolean
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ save: []; primary: []; unpublish: [] }>()
+
+const previewOn = defineModel<boolean>('preview', { required: true })
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<div class="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-2">
+		<AppSwitch
+			v-if="previewable"
+			v-model="previewOn"
+			:label="t('Preview')"
+			class="me-2"
+			:ui="{
+				root: 'items-center gap-2',
+				wrapper: 'ms-0',
+				label: 'text-sm font-normal text-toned',
+			}"
+		/>
+		<LocaleButton
+			v-if="plan.unpublish && unpublishVisible"
+			:disabled="offline"
+			@click="emit('unpublish')"
+		>
+			{{ unpublishLabel(language) }}
+		</LocaleButton>
+		<LocaleButton
+			v-if="plan.saveButton"
+			data-testid="save-button"
+			icon="i-lucide-save"
+			:disabled="plan.saveButton.disabled || offline"
+			@click="emit('save')"
+		>
+			{{ t('Save') }}
+		</LocaleButton>
+		<LocaleButton
+			v-if="plan.primary"
+			data-testid="primary-action"
+			kind="primary"
+			:loading="plan.primary.busy"
+			:class="plan.primary.busy ? '!opacity-40' : ''"
+			:aria-busy="plan.primary.busy ? 'true' : undefined"
+			:disabled="plan.primary.disabled || offline"
+			@click="emit('primary')"
+		>
+			{{ primaryLabel(plan.primary.kind, language) }}
+		</LocaleButton>
+		<EditorOverflowMenu v-if="overflow.length" :items="overflow" />
+	</div>
+</template>
@@ -1,111 +1,35 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import AppSwitch from '@/components/AppSwitch.vue'
 import { t } from '@/i18n'

-import ArticleStatusBadge from '@/components/ArticleStatusBadge.vue'
-import PublishControl from '@/components/PublishControl.vue'
-import SaveStatus from '@/components/SaveStatus.vue'
-import type { Article } from '@/composables/useArticles'
-import type { ArticleDraftState } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
-
-withDefaults(
-	defineProps<{
-		article: Article
-		state: ArticleDraftState
-		savedAt: Date | null
-		countText: string
-		saveEnabled: boolean
-		publishPending: string | undefined
-		publishDisabled: boolean
-		canPublish?: boolean
-		canDelete?: boolean
-		deleteReason?: string
-	}>(),
-	{ canPublish: true, canDelete: true, deleteReason: '' },
-)
-
-const emit = defineEmits<{
-	back: []
-	retry: []
-	save: []
-	publish: []
-	unpublish: []
-	delete: []
-}>()
-
-const previewOn = defineModel<boolean>('preview', { required: true })
+defineEmits<{ back: [] }>()
 </script>

 <template>
 	<div
-		class="flex flex-shrink-0 flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-2 border-b border-default bg-default px-4 py-3 lg:gap-3 lg:px-6 lg:py-3.5"
+		class="flex shrink-0 flex-col gap-2.5 border-b border-default bg-default px-4 py-3 lg:px-6 lg:py-3.5"
 	>
-		<UButton
-			icon="i-lucide-arrow-left"
-			color="neutral"
-			variant="ghost"
-			class="hidden size-8 justify-center text-toned lg:inline-flex"
-			:aria-label="t('Back to Articles')"
-			@click="emit('back')"
-		/>
-		<div
-			class="flex min-w-0 flex-1 basis-full flex-wrap items-center gap-2.5 lg:min-w-50 lg:basis-50"
-		>
-			<h1
-				class="text-[1.125rem]/6.5 font-semibold text-highlighted"
-				:title="t('The title can\'t be changed after creation.')"
-			>
-				{{ article.title }}
-			</h1>
-			<ArticleStatusBadge :online="article.is_online" size="lg" />
-			<span v-if="!canPublish && !article.is_online" class="text-xs text-muted">{{
-				t('Ask an editor to publish.')
-			}}</span>
+		<div class="flex items-start gap-2">
+			<span class="hidden h-15 items-end lg:flex">
+				<UButton
+					icon="i-lucide-arrow-left"
+					color="neutral"
+					variant="ghost"
+					class="size-4 justify-center p-0 text-toned"
+					:aria-label="t('Back to Articles')"
+					@click="$emit('back')"
+				/>
+			</span>
+			<div class="min-w-0 flex-1">
+				<slot name="title" />
+			</div>
 		</div>
-		<SaveStatus :state="state" :saved-at="savedAt" @retry="emit('retry')" />
-		<span class="ml-auto font-mono text-xs text-muted lg:hidden">{{ countText }}</span>
-		<div class="hidden items-center gap-3 lg:flex">
-			<AppSwitch
-				v-model="previewOn"
-				:label="t('Preview')"
-				:ui="{
-					root: 'items-center gap-2',
-					wrapper: 'ms-0',
-					label: 'text-sm font-normal text-toned',
-				}"
-			/>
-			<UButton
-				data-testid="save-button"
-				icon="i-lucide-save"
-				color="neutral"
-				variant="outline"
-				class="h-8 gap-1.5 px-3"
-				:disabled="!saveEnabled"
-				@click="emit('save')"
-			>
-				{{ canPublish ? t('Save') : t('Save draft') }}
-			</UButton>
-			<PublishControl
-				v-if="canPublish"
-				class="h-8 gap-1.5 px-3"
-				:online="article.is_online"
-				:dirty="state === 'dirty'"
-				:pending="publishPending"
-				:disabled="publishDisabled"
-				@publish="emit('publish')"
-				@unpublish="emit('unpublish')"
-			/>
-			<UButton
-				icon="i-lucide-trash-2"
-				color="error"
-				variant="ghost"
-				class="h-8 gap-1.5 px-3"
-				:disabled="!canDelete"
-				:title="canDelete ? undefined : deleteReason"
-				@click="emit('delete')"
-			>
-				{{ t('Delete') }}
-			</UButton>
+		<div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-3 gap-y-2">
+			<div class="flex min-w-0 flex-1 flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+				<slot name="meta" />
+			</div>
+			<div class="hidden shrink-0 lg:flex">
+				<slot name="actions" />
+			</div>
 		</div>
 	</div>
 </template>
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import { computed, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import EditorLanguageRow from '@/components/EditorLanguageRow.vue'
+import { useIsDesktop } from '@/composables/useIsDesktop'
+import { MENU_FILTER_THRESHOLD, filterRows, type VersionRow } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+	rows: VersionRow[]
+	name: string
+	code: string
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ choose: [row: VersionRow] }>()
+
+const MENU_ITEM_SELECTOR = '[role="menuitem"]'
+const CURRENT_ROW_SELECTOR = `${MENU_ITEM_SELECTOR} [aria-current="true"]`
+const CURRENT_ROW_CLASS = 'bg-(--rc-sand) text-(--rc-on-sand)'
+
+const desktop = useIsDesktop('64rem')
+const open = ref(false)
+const query = ref('')
+const trigger = ref<{ $el: HTMLElement } | null>(null)
+const desktopMenuTop = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+const sheetMenu = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+
+const filterable = computed(() => props.rows.length > MENU_FILTER_THRESHOLD)
+const visibleRows = computed(() => filterRows(props.rows, query.value))
+const triggerLabel = computed(() => t('Language: {0}. Switch version', [props.name]))
+
+const dropdownItems = computed(() =>
+	visibleRows.value.map((row) => ({
+		slot: 'row',
+		row,
+		class: [
+			'min-h-10 items-center rounded-none px-3 py-1.5 max-lg:min-h-13',
+			row.current ? CURRENT_ROW_CLASS : row.addTranslation ? 'text-toned' : '',
+		],
+		onSelect: () => emit('choose', row),
+	})),
+)
+
+function focusCurrentRow(menu: Element | null | undefined) {
+	const current = menu
+		?.querySelector(CURRENT_ROW_SELECTOR)
+		?.closest<HTMLElement>(MENU_ITEM_SELECTOR)
+	const first = menu?.querySelector<HTMLElement>(MENU_ITEM_SELECTOR)
+	;(current ?? first)?.focus()
+}
+
+function focusDesktopMenu() {
+	focusCurrentRow(desktopMenuTop.value?.closest('[role="menu"]'))
+}
+
+watch(open, (value) => {
+	if (value) {
+		query.value = ''
+	}
+})
+
+watch(sheetMenu, (menu) => focusCurrentRow(menu), { flush: 'post' })
+watch(desktopMenuTop, focusDesktopMenu, { flush: 'post' })
+
+function closeFromFilter() {
+	open.value = false
+	trigger.value?.$el?.focus()
+}
+
+function choose(row: VersionRow) {
+	open.value = false
+	emit('choose', row)
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<UDropdownMenu
+		v-if="desktop"
+		v-model:open="open"
+		:items="[dropdownItems]"
+		:content="{ align: 'start', loop: true }"
+		:ui="{
+			content: 'w-100 max-h-105 rounded-none p-0 shadow-(--shadow-popover)',
+			viewport: 'max-h-80 p-0',
+			group: 'p-0',
+			item: 'rounded-none',
+		}"
+	>
+		<UButton
+			ref="trigger"
+			color="neutral"
+			variant="outline"
+			icon="i-lucide-languages"
+			trailing-icon="i-lucide-chevrons-up-down"
+			:aria-label="triggerLabel"
+			class="h-8 max-w-65 gap-2 border bg-default px-2.5 font-medium text-highlighted ring-0"
+			:class="open ? 'border-primary' : 'border-accented'"
+			:ui="{ leadingIcon: 'size-4', trailingIcon: 'size-3.5 ms-0' }"
+		>
+			<span class="whitespace-nowrap">{{ name }}</span>
+			<span class="font-mono text-xs text-muted">{{ code }}</span>
+		</UButton>
+		<template #content-top>
+			<div ref="desktopMenuTop" class="flex flex-col gap-1.5 px-3 pt-2.5 pb-1.5">
+				<span class="text-2xs font-semibold tracking-wide text-muted uppercase">{{
+					t('Versions you can open')
+				}}</span>
+				<UInput
+					v-if="filterable"
+					v-model="query"
+					:placeholder="t('Find a language')"
+					:aria-label="t('Find a language')"
+					class="w-full"
+					:ui="{ base: 'h-8 border border-accented bg-default text-sm ring-0' }"
+					@keydown.stop
+					@keydown.esc="closeFromFilter"
+				/>
+			</div>
+		</template>
+		<template #row="{ item }">
+			<EditorLanguageRow :row="(item as unknown as { row: VersionRow }).row" />
+		</template>
+		<template #content-bottom>
+			<div class="flex gap-2 border-t border-default px-3 py-2.5 text-xs/4.5 text-muted">
+				<UIcon name="i-lucide-info" class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0" />
+				{{ t('Switching opens that version. The interface language stays the same.') }}
+			</div>
+		</template>
+	</UDropdownMenu>
+
+	<template v-else>
+		<UButton
+			color="neutral"
+			variant="outline"
+			icon="i-lucide-languages"
+			trailing-icon="i-lucide-chevrons-up-down"
+			:aria-label="triggerLabel"
+			class="h-11 max-w-65 gap-2 border border-accented bg-default px-2.5 font-medium text-highlighted ring-0"
+			:ui="{ leadingIcon: 'size-4', trailingIcon: 'size-3.5 ms-0' }"
+			@click="open = true"
+		>
+			<span class="whitespace-nowrap">{{ name }}</span>
+			<span class="font-mono text-xs text-muted">{{ code }}</span>
+		</UButton>
+		<USlideover
+			v-model:open="open"
+			side="bottom"
+			:overlay="false"
+			:title="t('Versions you can open')"
+			:description="t('Versions you can open')"
+			:ui="{
+				content:
+					'max-h-7/10 pt-3 before:absolute before:top-2 before:left-1/2 before:h-1 before:w-9 before:-translate-x-1/2 before:bg-(--ui-border-accented)',
+				header: 'sr-only',
+				body: 'flex min-h-0 flex-col p-0 sm:p-0',
+			}"
+		>
+			<template #body>
+				<div class="flex flex-col gap-1.5 px-3 pt-2.5 pb-1.5">
+					<span class="text-2xs font-semibold tracking-wide text-muted uppercase">{{
+						t('Versions you can open')
+					}}</span>
+					<UInput
+						v-if="filterable"
+						v-model="query"
+						:placeholder="t('Find a language')"
+						:aria-label="t('Find a language')"
+						class="w-full"
+						:ui="{ base: 'h-11 border border-accented bg-default text-sm ring-0' }"
+					/>
+				</div>
+				<div
+					ref="sheetMenu"
+					role="menu"
+					:aria-label="t('Versions of this article')"
+					class="flex min-h-0 flex-col overflow-y-auto"
+				>
+					<button
+						v-for="row in visibleRows"
+						:key="row.key"
+						type="button"
+						role="menuitem"
+						class="flex min-h-13 items-center px-3 py-1.5 text-start"
+						:class="
+							row.current ? CURRENT_ROW_CLASS : row.addTranslation ? 'text-toned' : ''
+						"
+						@click="choose(row)"
+					>
+						<EditorLanguageRow :row="row" />
+					</button>
+				</div>
+				<div class="flex gap-2 border-t border-default px-3 py-2.5 text-xs/4.5 text-muted">
+					<UIcon name="i-lucide-info" class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0" />
+					{{ t('Switching opens that version. The interface language stays the same.') }}
+				</div>
+			</template>
+		</USlideover>
+	</template>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import LocaleBadge from '@/components/localization/LocaleBadge.vue'
+import type { VersionRow } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+
+defineProps<{ row: VersionRow }>()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<span class="flex w-full items-center gap-2.5" :aria-current="row.current ? 'true' : undefined">
+		<span class="flex w-4 shrink-0">
+			<UIcon v-if="row.current" name="i-lucide-check" class="size-4" />
+		</span>
+		<span class="flex min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col">
+			<span
+				class="truncate text-base"
+				:class="row.current ? 'font-semibold' : 'font-medium'"
+				>{{ row.name }}</span
+			>
+			<span class="font-mono text-xs" :class="row.current ? '' : 'text-muted'">{{
+				row.code
+			}}</span>
+			<span v-if="row.title" class="sr-only">{{ row.title }}</span>
+		</span>
+		<span v-if="row.addTranslation" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 font-medium">
+			<UIcon name="i-lucide-plus" class="size-3.5" />
+			{{ t('Add translation') }}
+		</span>
+		<span v-else class="flex flex-wrap justify-end gap-1">
+			<span v-if="row.readOnly" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-muted">
+				<UIcon name="i-lucide-lock" class="size-3" />
+				{{ t('Read only') }}
+			</span>
+			<LocaleBadge
+				:tone="row.online ? 'success' : 'neutral'"
+				:icon="row.online ? 'i-lucide-circle-check' : 'i-lucide-pencil'"
+			>
+				{{ row.online ? t('Published') : t('Draft') }}
+			</LocaleBadge>
+			<LocaleBadge v-if="row.languageDisabled" tone="neutral" icon="i-lucide-eye-off">
+				{{ t('Disabled') }}
+			</LocaleBadge>
+		</span>
+	</span>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import { computed } from 'vue'
+import { SHEET_CONTENT_CLASS, SHEET_FOOTER_CLASS } from '@/components/sheetClasses'
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+
+export type LeaveChoice = 'keep' | 'discard' | 'save'
+
+const props = defineProps<{ language: string; target: string }>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ close: [choice: LeaveChoice] }>()
+
+const description = computed(() =>
+	t("Your changes to the {0} version aren't saved.", [props.language]),
+)
+
+const CLOSE_BUTTON = {
+	color: 'neutral',
+	variant: 'ghost',
+	class: 'size-11 justify-center p-0 text-muted md:size-7',
+} as const
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<UModal
+		:open="true"
+		:title="t('Leave without saving?')"
+		:description="description"
+		:close="CLOSE_BUTTON"
+		:ui="{
+			content: `${SHEET_CONTENT_CLASS} sm:top-25 sm:max-w-115`,
+			close: 'end-6 top-8 md:top-5',
+			header: 'min-h-0 items-start px-6 pt-5 pb-0 sm:px-6',
+			title: 'pe-14 text-lg/6 font-semibold md:pe-10',
+			description: 'mt-1 pe-14 text-sm text-pretty text-toned md:pe-10',
+			body: 'hidden',
+			footer: SHEET_FOOTER_CLASS,
+		}"
+		@update:open="(value: boolean) => !value && emit('close', 'keep')"
+	>
+		<template #footer>
+			<div class="flex w-full flex-col-reverse gap-2 md:flex-row md:flex-wrap md:justify-end">
+				<LocaleButton block class="md:w-auto" @click="emit('close', 'keep')">
+					{{ t('Keep editing') }}
+				</LocaleButton>
+				<LocaleButton
+					kind="danger"
+					block
+					class="md:w-auto"
+					@click="emit('close', 'discard')"
+				>
+					{{ t('Discard and open {0}', [target]) }}
+				</LocaleButton>
+				<LocaleButton kind="primary" block class="md:w-auto" @click="emit('close', 'save')">
+					{{ t('Save and open {0}', [target]) }}
+				</LocaleButton>
+			</div>
+		</template>
+	</UModal>
+</template>
@@ -1,59 +1,68 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { t } from '@/i18n'

-import PublishControl from '@/components/PublishControl.vue'
-import type { ArticleDraftState } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
+import EditorOverflowMenu from '@/components/EditorOverflowMenu.vue'
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+import { primaryLabel, unpublishLabel } from '@/lib/editorLabels'
+import type { ActionPlan } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+import type { OverflowItem } from '@/lib/editorOverflow'

-withDefaults(
-	defineProps<{
-		online: boolean
-		state: ArticleDraftState
-		saveEnabled: boolean
-		publishPending: string | undefined
-		publishDisabled: boolean
-		canPublish?: boolean
-	}>(),
-	{ canPublish: true },
-)
-
-const emit = defineEmits<{
-	details: []
-	save: []
-	publish: []
-	unpublish: []
+defineProps<{
+	hint: string
+	plan: ActionPlan
+	language: string | null
+	offline: boolean
+	overflow: OverflowItem[]
 }>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ details: []; save: []; primary: []; unpublish: [] }>()
 </script>

 <template>
-	<div class="flex flex-shrink-0 gap-2 border-t border-default bg-default p-3 lg:hidden">
-		<UButton
-			icon="i-lucide-panel-right"
-			color="neutral"
-			variant="outline"
-			class="size-11 justify-center"
-			:aria-label="t('Details')"
-			@click="emit('details')"
-		/>
-		<UButton
-			data-testid="save-button-mobile"
-			color="neutral"
-			variant="outline"
-			class="h-11 flex-1 justify-center"
-			:disabled="!saveEnabled"
-			@click="emit('save')"
-		>
-			{{ canPublish ? t('Save') : t('Save draft') }}
-		</UButton>
-		<PublishControl
-			v-if="canPublish"
-			class="h-11 flex-1 justify-center"
-			hide-icon
-			:online="online"
-			:dirty="state === 'dirty'"
-			:pending="publishPending"
-			:disabled="publishDisabled"
-			@publish="emit('publish')"
-			@unpublish="emit('unpublish')"
-		/>
+	<div
+		class="flex flex-shrink-0 flex-col gap-2 border-t border-default bg-default px-4 py-3 lg:hidden"
+	>
+		<p v-if="hint" class="text-xs text-muted">{{ hint }}</p>
+		<div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+			<LocaleButton
+				icon="i-lucide-panel-right"
+				icon-only
+				:aria-label="t('Details')"
+				@click="emit('details')"
+			/>
+			<LocaleButton
+				v-if="plan.primary"
+				data-testid="primary-action-mobile"
+				kind="primary"
+				block
+				class="min-w-0 flex-1"
+				:loading="plan.primary.busy"
+				:class="plan.primary.busy ? '!opacity-40' : ''"
+				:aria-busy="plan.primary.busy ? 'true' : undefined"
+				:disabled="plan.primary.disabled || offline"
+				@click="emit('primary')"
+			>
+				{{ primaryLabel(plan.primary.kind, language) }}
+			</LocaleButton>
+			<LocaleButton
+				v-if="plan.saveButton"
+				data-testid="save-button-mobile"
+				:disabled="plan.saveButton.disabled || offline"
+				@click="emit('save')"
+			>
+				{{ t('Save') }}
+			</LocaleButton>
+			<LocaleButton
+				v-if="!plan.primary && !plan.saveButton && plan.unpublish"
+				block
+				class="min-w-0 flex-1"
+				icon="i-lucide-eye-off"
+				:disabled="offline"
+				@click="emit('unpublish')"
+			>
+				{{ unpublishLabel(language) }}
+			</LocaleButton>
+			<EditorOverflowMenu v-if="overflow.length" :items="overflow" />
+		</div>
 	</div>
 </template>
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import LocaleAlert from '@/components/localization/LocaleAlert.vue'
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+import type { EditorNotice } from '@/lib/editorNotices'
+
+defineProps<{ notices: EditorNotice[] }>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ retryPublish: [] }>()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<div
+		v-if="notices.length"
+		class="flex shrink-0 flex-col gap-2 border-b border-default px-4 py-3 lg:px-6"
+	>
+		<LocaleAlert
+			v-for="notice in notices"
+			:key="notice.key"
+			:tone="notice.tone"
+			:icon="notice.icon"
+			:title="notice.title"
+			:description="notice.description"
+		>
+			<template v-if="notice.action" #actions>
+				<LocaleButton small @click="emit('retryPublish')">{{
+					t('Retry publish')
+				}}</LocaleButton>
+			</template>
+		</LocaleAlert>
+	</div>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import { computed, ref } from 'vue'
+import { useIsDesktop } from '@/composables/useIsDesktop'
+import type { OverflowItem } from '@/lib/editorOverflow'
+
+const props = defineProps<{ items: OverflowItem[] }>()
+
+const desktop = useIsDesktop('64rem')
+const open = ref(false)
+
+const dropdownItems = computed(() =>
+	props.items.map((item) => ({
+		slot: 'entry',
+		label: item.label,
+		icon: item.icon,
+		color: item.danger ? ('error' as const) : undefined,
+		disabled: item.disabled,
+		reason: item.reason,
+		class: item.disabled ? 'opacity-60' : '',
+		onSelect: item.onSelect,
+	})),
+)
+
+function select(item: OverflowItem) {
+	if (item.disabled) {
+		return
+	}
+	open.value = false
+	item.onSelect()
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<UDropdownMenu
+		v-if="desktop"
+		:items="[dropdownItems]"
+		:content="{ align: 'end' }"
+		:ui="{
+			content: 'w-80 rounded-none p-1 shadow-(--shadow-popover)',
+			group: 'p-0',
+			item: 'min-h-10 items-start gap-2.5 rounded-none px-3 py-2 text-base',
+			itemLeadingIcon: 'size-4',
+		}"
+	>
+		<UButton
+			icon="i-lucide-ellipsis"
+			color="neutral"
+			variant="outline"
+			class="size-8 justify-center border border-accented bg-default text-highlighted ring-0"
+			:aria-label="t('More actions')"
+		/>
+		<template #entry="{ item }">
+			<UIcon :name="item.icon as string" class="mt-0.5 size-4 shrink-0" />
+			<span class="flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-0.5">
+				<span class="font-medium">{{ item.label }}</span>
+				<span v-if="item.reason" class="text-xs/4 font-normal text-muted">{{
+					item.reason
+				}}</span>
+			</span>
+		</template>
+	</UDropdownMenu>
+
+	<template v-else>
+		<UButton
+			icon="i-lucide-ellipsis"
+			color="neutral"
+			variant="outline"
+			class="size-11 justify-center border border-accented bg-default text-highlighted ring-0"
+			:aria-label="t('More actions')"
+			@click="open = true"
+		/>
+		<USlideover
+			v-model:open="open"
+			side="bottom"
+			:overlay="false"
+			:title="t('More actions')"
+			:description="t('More actions')"
+			:ui="{
+				content:
+					'max-h-none pt-3 pb-4 before:absolute before:top-2 before:left-1/2 before:h-1 before:w-9 before:-translate-x-1/2 before:bg-(--ui-border-accented)',
+				header: 'sr-only',
+				body: 'p-0 sm:p-0',
+			}"
+		>
+			<template #body>
+				<div role="menu" :aria-label="t('More actions')" class="flex flex-col py-1">
+					<button
+						v-for="item in items"
+						:key="item.key"
+						type="button"
+						role="menuitem"
+						:aria-disabled="item.disabled ? 'true' : undefined"
+						class="flex min-h-13 items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-2 text-start text-md"
+						:class="[
+							item.danger ? 'text-error' : 'text-highlighted',
+							item.disabled ? 'opacity-60' : '',
+						]"
+						@click="select(item)"
+					>
+						<UIcon :name="item.icon" class="size-4 shrink-0" />
+						<span class="flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-0.5">
+							<span class="font-medium">{{ item.label }}</span>
+							<span v-if="item.reason" class="text-xs/4 font-normal text-muted">{{
+								item.reason
+							}}</span>
+						</span>
+					</button>
+				</div>
+			</template>
+		</USlideover>
+	</template>
+</template>
@@ -1,15 +1,22 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { t } from '@/i18n'

+defineProps<{ headerless?: boolean }>()
+
 const emit = defineEmits<{
 	back: []
 }>()
 </script>

 <template>
-	<div aria-busy="true" class="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col lg:flex-row">
+	<div
+		aria-busy="true"
+		class="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col lg:flex-row"
+		:class="headerless ? 'bg-default [&_.animate-pulse]:bg-accented' : ''"
+	>
 		<div class="flex min-h-0 min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col">
 			<div
+				v-if="!headerless"
 				class="flex flex-shrink-0 items-center gap-2.5 border-b border-default bg-default px-6 py-3.5"
 			>
 				<UButton
@@ -23,8 +30,10 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 				<USkeleton class="h-5 w-80 rounded-none" data-testid="skeleton-title" />
 				<USkeleton class="h-5.5 w-15 rounded-none" />
 			</div>
+			<div v-if="headerless" class="h-13.5 shrink-0 border-b border-default lg:h-10.25" />
 			<div
-				class="min-h-0 max-w-168 flex-1 space-y-3.5 px-12 py-10"
+				class="min-h-0 max-w-168 flex-1 space-y-3.5"
+				:class="headerless ? 'px-4 py-6 lg:px-12 lg:py-10' : 'px-12 py-10'"
 				data-testid="skeleton-content"
 			>
 				<USkeleton class="h-3.5 w-full rounded-none" />
@@ -37,6 +46,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 		</div>
 		<div
 			class="w-70 flex-shrink-0 space-y-2.5 border-default p-5 lg:border-l"
+			:class="headerless ? 'max-lg:hidden' : ''"
 			data-testid="skeleton-details"
 		>
 			<div class="flex flex-col gap-3 border-b border-default pb-4">
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import { computed, nextTick, ref, useId, watch } from 'vue'
+import CharacterCounter from '@/components/CharacterCounter.vue'
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+import { TITLE_MAX, titleLength, titleVerdict } from '@/lib/editorTitle'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+	label: string
+	lang?: string
+	readonly: boolean
+	changed: boolean
+	saving: boolean
+	failed: boolean
+	serverError: string
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ retry: [] }>()
+
+const title = defineModel<string>({ required: true })
+
+const inputId = useId()
+const helpId = useId()
+const focused = ref(false)
+const input = ref<{ textareaRef: HTMLTextAreaElement | null } | null>(null)
+
+const verdict = computed(() => (props.serverError ? 'server' : titleVerdict(title.value)))
+const invalidText = computed(() => {
+	const messages = {
+		empty: t('Enter a title'),
+		short: t('Use at least 3 characters'),
+		long: t('Use 200 characters or fewer'),
+		server: props.serverError,
+		ok: '',
+	}
+	return messages[verdict.value]
+})
+const invalid = computed(() => verdict.value !== 'ok')
+const COUNTER_END_PADDING = 'pe-23'
+
+const showsCounter = computed(
+	() => focused.value || verdict.value === 'short' || verdict.value === 'long',
+)
+const showsAddressNote = computed(() => focused.value || props.changed)
+const errored = computed(() => invalid.value || props.failed)
+
+const helper = computed(() => {
+	if (invalidText.value) {
+		return invalidText.value
+	}
+	if (props.failed) {
+		return t("Couldn't save the title. Your text is kept.")
+	}
+	if (props.saving) {
+		return t('Saving title…')
+	}
+	return showsAddressNote.value ? t("Changing the title doesn't change the address.") : ''
+})
+
+const trailingIcon = computed(() => {
+	if (props.saving) {
+		return 'i-lucide-loader-circle'
+	}
+	return errored.value ? 'i-lucide-circle-x' : 'i-lucide-pencil'
+})
+
+const borderClass = computed(() => {
+	if (props.readonly) {
+		return 'border-0 bg-transparent px-0 py-0 pe-5 lg:min-h-9'
+	}
+	if (errored.value) {
+		return 'border-error'
+	}
+	return focused.value ? 'border-primary' : 'border-accented'
+})
+
+async function remeasure() {
+	await nextTick()
+	input.value?.textareaRef?.dispatchEvent(new Event('input'))
+}
+
+watch(showsCounter, remeasure)
+
+function focusField() {
+	input.value?.textareaRef?.focus()
+}
+
+defineExpose({ focus: focusField })
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<div class="flex min-w-0 flex-col" :class="readonly ? 'gap-0.5' : 'gap-1'">
+		<label :for="inputId" class="text-xs/5 text-muted">{{ label }}</label>
+		<UTextarea
+			:id="inputId"
+			ref="input"
+			v-model="title"
+			:lang="lang"
+			:rows="1"
+			autoresize
+			:readonly="readonly"
+			:aria-readonly="readonly ? 'true' : undefined"
+			:aria-invalid="errored ? 'true' : undefined"
+			:aria-describedby="readonly ? undefined : helpId"
+			:trailing-icon="readonly ? 'i-lucide-lock' : trailingIcon"
+			class="w-full"
+			:ui="{
+				root: 'w-full',
+				base: [
+					'min-h-11 resize-none border bg-default px-2.5 py-0.5 !text-lead/7 font-semibold lg:!text-xl/7 text-highlighted ring-0 lg:min-h-10 lg:py-1.25',
+					borderClass,
+					showsCounter ? COUNTER_END_PADDING : '',
+					focused && !errored && !changed
+						? 'outline-2 outline-offset-1 outline-primary'
+						: '',
+				],
+				trailing: ['items-start gap-2 pt-2.5', readonly ? 'pe-0' : 'pe-2.5'],
+				trailingIcon: [
+					'size-3.5',
+					saving ? 'animate-spin' : '',
+					errored ? 'text-error' : 'text-muted',
+				],
+			}"
+			@keydown.enter.prevent
+			@focus="focused = true"
+			@blur="focused = false"
+		>
+			<template v-if="showsCounter" #trailing>
+				<CharacterCounter :value="titleLength(title)" :max="TITLE_MAX" variant="field" />
+				<UIcon
+					:name="trailingIcon"
+					class="size-3.5"
+					:class="[saving ? 'animate-spin' : '', errored ? 'text-error' : 'text-muted']"
+				/>
+			</template>
+		</UTextarea>
+		<div
+			v-if="!readonly"
+			:id="helpId"
+			:role="invalid ? 'alert' : undefined"
+			class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-xs/4.5"
+			:class="errored ? 'text-error' : 'text-muted'"
+		>
+			<UIcon v-if="errored" name="i-lucide-circle-x" class="size-3.5" />
+			<span v-if="helper">{{ helper }}</span>
+			<LocaleButton v-if="failed && !invalid" small @click="emit('retry')">
+				{{ t('Try again') }}
+			</LocaleButton>
+		</div>
+	</div>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+import LocaleButton from '@/components/localization/LocaleButton.vue'
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{ back: [] }>()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+	<div role="alert" class="flex flex-col items-start gap-4 p-4 lg:p-6">
+		<div class="flex flex-col gap-0.5">
+			<h1 tabindex="-1" class="text-xl/7 font-semibold text-highlighted">
+				{{ t("This version isn't available") }}
+			</h1>
+			<p class="text-toned">
+				{{ t('It may have been deleted, or you may not have access.') }}
+			</p>
+		</div>
+		<LocaleButton @click="emit('back')">{{ t('Back to Articles') }}</LocaleButton>
+	</div>
+</template>
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'

 const props = withDefaults(
 	defineProps<{
-		kind: 'not-found' | 'error' | 'article-not-found'
+		kind: 'not-found' | 'error'
 		breadcrumb?: string
 	}>(),
 	{
@@ -33,18 +33,6 @@ const copy = computed(() => {
 			secondary: t('All articles'),
 		}
 	}
-	if (props.kind === 'article-not-found') {
-		return {
-			get title() {
-				return t("This article doesn't exist.")
-			},
-			get text() {
-				return t('It may have been deleted, or the link is wrong.')
-			},
-			primary: t('All articles'),
-			secondary: '',
-		}
-	}
 	return {
 		get title() {
 			return t('Something went wrong')
@@ -64,10 +52,6 @@ function onPrimary() {
 		emit('retry')
 		return
 	}
-	if (props.kind === 'article-not-found') {
-		router.push('/article')
-		return
-	}
 	router.push('/home')
 }

@@ -82,15 +66,9 @@ function onSecondary() {

 <template>
 	<div role="alert" class="flex max-w-140 flex-col gap-3.5 p-8">
-		<nav v-if="kind !== 'article-not-found'" :aria-label="t('Breadcrumb')">
+		<nav :aria-label="t('Breadcrumb')">
 			<span>{{ breadcrumb ?? t('Home') }}</span>
 		</nav>
-		<span
-			v-if="kind === 'article-not-found'"
-			aria-hidden="true"
-			class="font-mono text-sm text-muted"
-			>404</span
-		>
 		<h1 tabindex="-1" class="text-2xl font-semibold text-highlighted">
 			{{ copy.title }}
 		</h1>
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-<script setup lang="ts">
-import { t } from '@/i18n'
-
-import { computed } from 'vue'
-
-const props = withDefaults(
-	defineProps<{
-		online: boolean
-		dirty: boolean
-		pending?: string
-		disabled?: boolean
-		hideIcon?: boolean
-	}>(),
-	{
-		pending: undefined,
-		disabled: false,
-		hideIcon: false,
-	},
-)
-
-defineEmits<{ publish: []; unpublish: [] }>()
-
-const label = computed(() => {
-	if (props.pending) {
-		return props.pending
-	}
-	if (props.online) {
-		return t('Unpublish')
-	}
-	if (props.dirty) {
-		return t('Save and publish')
-	}
-	return t('Publish')
-})
-
-const icon = computed(() => {
-	if (props.hideIcon) {
-		return undefined
-	}
-	if (props.online) {
-		return 'i-lucide-globe-lock'
-	}
-	return 'i-lucide-globe'
-})
-
-const variant = computed(() => (props.online ? 'outline' : 'solid'))
-</script>
-
-<template>
-	<UButton
-		:color="online ? 'neutral' : 'primary'"
-		:variant="variant"
-		:icon="icon"
-		:disabled="disabled"
-		:loading="Boolean(pending)"
-		@click="online ? $emit('unpublish') : $emit('publish')"
-	>
-		{{ label }}
-	</UButton>
-</template>
@@ -3,10 +3,14 @@ import { t } from '@/i18n'

 import { computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref } from 'vue'

-const props = defineProps<{
-	state: 'clean' | 'dirty' | 'saving' | 'saved' | 'error' | 'offline'
-	savedAt?: Date | null
-}>()
+const props = withDefaults(
+	defineProps<{
+		state: 'clean' | 'dirty' | 'saving' | 'saved' | 'error' | 'offline'
+		savedAt?: Date | null
+		retryable?: boolean
+	}>(),
+	{ savedAt: null, retryable: true },
+)

 defineEmits<{ retry: [] }>()

@@ -85,6 +89,7 @@ const savedText = computed(() => {
 			<UIcon name="i-lucide-circle-alert" class="size-3.5" />
 			<span>{{ t('Save failed') }}</span>
 			<UButton
+				v-if="retryable"
 				size="xs"
 				color="neutral"
 				variant="outline"
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ async function mountArticleEditor(body = '<p>Hello</p>') {
 				title: 'T',
 				body,
 				is_online: false,
+				capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'],
 				created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
 				updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
 			}),
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ function articleResponse(body: string) {
 		title: 'How we price a bathroom renovation',
 		body,
 		is_online: false,
+		capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'],
 		created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
 		updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
 	}
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
-import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
-import uiPlugin from '@nuxt/ui/vue-plugin'
-import PublishControl from '../PublishControl.vue'
-
-function mountControl(props: { online: boolean; dirty: boolean; disabled?: boolean }) {
-	return mount(PublishControl, {
-		props,
-		global: { plugins: [uiPlugin] },
-	})
-}
-
-describe('Draft, clean', () => {
-	it('reads "Publish"', () => {
-		const wrapper = mountControl({ online: false, dirty: false })
-
-		expect(wrapper.text()).toBe('Publish')
-	})
-})
-
-describe('Draft, dirty', () => {
-	it('reads "Save and publish"', () => {
-		const wrapper = mountControl({ online: false, dirty: true })
-
-		expect(wrapper.text()).toBe('Save and publish')
-	})
-})
-
-describe('Online', () => {
-	it('reads "Unpublish" regardless of dirty state', () => {
-		const wrapper = mountControl({ online: true, dirty: true })
-
-		expect(wrapper.text()).toBe('Unpublish')
-	})
-})
-
-describe('Disabled', () => {
-	it('disables the button', () => {
-		const wrapper = mountControl({
-			online: false,
-			dirty: false,
-			disabled: true,
-		})
-
-		expect((wrapper.find('button').element as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(true)
-	})
-})
@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
+export type LocaleBadgeTone = 'neutral' | 'info' | 'success' | 'warning' | 'error'
+
 defineProps<{
-	tone: 'neutral' | 'info'
+	tone: LocaleBadgeTone
 	icon: string
 }>()
+
+const TONE_CLASS: Record<LocaleBadgeTone, string> = {
+	neutral: 'border-(--ui-bg-elevated) bg-elevated text-toned',
+	info: 'border-(--rc-info-soft) bg-(--rc-info-soft) text-info',
+	success: 'border-(--rc-success-soft) bg-(--rc-success-soft) text-success',
+	warning: 'border-(--rc-warning-soft) bg-(--rc-warning-soft) text-warning',
+	error: 'border-(--rc-error-soft) bg-(--rc-error-soft) text-error',
+}
 </script>

 <template>
@@ -11,13 +21,9 @@ defineProps<{
 		variant="soft"
 		:icon="icon"
 		class="border"
-		:class="
-			tone === 'info'
-				? 'border-(--rc-info-soft) bg-(--rc-info-soft) text-info'
-				: 'border-(--ui-bg-elevated) bg-elevated text-toned'
-		"
+		:class="TONE_CLASS[tone]"
 		:ui="{
-			base: 'h-5 shrink-0 gap-1 px-1.5 py-0 text-xs whitespace-nowrap',
+			base: 'h-5 shrink-0 gap-1 px-1.25 py-0 text-xs whitespace-nowrap',
 			leadingIcon: 'size-3',
 		}"
 	>
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 import { setActivePinia, createPinia } from 'pinia'
-import { useArticleDraft, readMirroredDraft } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
+import { useArticleDraft } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
+import { readStoredDraft } from '@/lib/storedDraft'
+
+const USER_ID = 7

 function mockResponse(status: number, body: unknown = null) {
 	return {
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ afterEach(() => {
 describe('Loading an article without a mirrored draft starts clean', () => {
 	it('sets the body and clean state from the given article', () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)

 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date('2026-09-26T11:02:00Z'))

@@ -32,8 +35,11 @@ describe('Loading an article without a mirrored draft starts clean', () => {
 describe('Loading an article with a mirrored draft restores it as dirty', () => {
 	it('prefers the sessionStorage body over the loaded one', () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
-		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:12', '<p>Restored</p>')
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		sessionStorage.setItem(
+			'renewcms:article-draft:7:12',
+			JSON.stringify({ body: '<p>Restored</p>', mirrored_at: '2026-09-26T14:18:00Z' }),
+		)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)

 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date('2026-09-26T11:02:00Z'))

@@ -45,7 +51,7 @@ describe('Loading an article with a mirrored draft restores it as dirty', () =>
 describe('Editing moves the state to dirty', () => {
 	it('updates the body and sets state to dirty', () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)
 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date())

 		draft.edit('<p>Changed</p>')
@@ -61,7 +67,7 @@ describe('A successful save sets state saved and records the time', () => {
 		global.fetch = vi
 			.fn()
 			.mockResolvedValue(mockResponse(200, { id: 12, body: '<p>Changed</p>' }))
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)
 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date())
 		draft.edit('<p>Changed</p>')

@@ -77,7 +83,7 @@ describe('A 500 response sets state error and keeps the body', () => {
 	it('resolves "error" without touching the body', async () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
 		global.fetch = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockResponse(500))
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)
 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date())
 		draft.edit('<p>Changed</p>')

@@ -93,7 +99,7 @@ describe('A 404 response keeps the body and does not enter the error state', ()
 	it('resolves "not-found" and stays dirty', async () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
 		global.fetch = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockResponse(404))
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)
 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date())
 		draft.edit('<p>Changed</p>')

@@ -105,17 +111,17 @@ describe('A 404 response keeps the body and does not enter the error state', ()
 })

 describe('A 401 response mirrors the body to sessionStorage', () => {
-	it('resolves "unauthorized" and stores the body keyed by the article id', async () => {
+	it('resolves "unauthorized" and stores the body keyed by the user and the article id', async () => {
 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
 		global.fetch = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockResponse(401))
-		const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const draft = useArticleDraft(12, USER_ID)
 		draft.load('<p>Original</p>', new Date())
 		draft.edit('<p>Paragraph added just before the session expired.</p>')

 		const outcome = await draft.save()

 		expect(outcome).toBe('unauthorized')
-		expect(readMirroredDraft(12)).toBe(
+		expect(readStoredDraft(USER_ID, 12)?.body).toBe(
 			'<p>Paragraph added just before the session expired.</p>',
 		)
 	})
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const saved: ArticleSeo = {
 function loaded(sent = vi.fn()) {
 	setActivePinia(createPinia())
 	global.fetch = sent.mockResolvedValue(reply(200, {})) as unknown as typeof fetch
-	const draft = useArticleDraft(12)
+	const draft = useArticleDraft(12, 7)
 	draft.load('<p>Body</p>', new Date('2026-09-26T11:02:00Z'), undefined, saved)
 	return { draft, sent }
 }
@@ -162,12 +162,14 @@ describe('The SEO fields are mirrored in sessionStorage', () => {
 		const outcome = await draft.save()

 		expect(outcome).toBe('unauthorized')
-		expect(JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft-seo:12')!)).toMatchObject({
+		expect(
+			JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12')!).seo,
+		).toMatchObject({
 			seo_title: 'Kept across the login',
 		})

 		setActivePinia(createPinia())
-		const restored = useArticleDraft(12)
+		const restored = useArticleDraft(12, 7)
 		restored.load('<p>Body</p>', new Date(), undefined, saved)
 		expect(restored.state.value).toBe('dirty')
 		expect(restored.seo.value.seo_title).toBe('Kept across the login')
@@ -178,11 +180,11 @@ describe('The SEO fields are mirrored in sessionStorage', () => {
 		const { draft } = loaded()
 		draft.editSeo({ seo_title: 'Soon saved' })
 		draft.mirrorToStorage()
-		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft-seo:12')).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12')).not.toBeNull()

 		await draft.save()

-		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft-seo:12')).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12')).toBeNull()
 	})

 	it('keeps working in memory when sessionStorage throws', async () => {
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+import { useEditorVersions } from '@/composables/useEditorVersions'
+import type { Article, ArticleCapability, CoverageEntry } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import type { Site } from '@/composables/useSites'
+
+const getLanguages = vi.fn()
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useSiteLanguages', () => ({ useSiteLanguages: () => ({ getLanguages }) }))
+
+const FULL: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete', 'create_translation']
+
+function entry(id: number, lang: string, overrides: Partial<CoverageEntry> = {}): CoverageEntry {
+	return {
+		id,
+		lang,
+		title: `T${id}`,
+		is_online: false,
+		language_enabled: true,
+		capabilities: FULL,
+		...overrides,
+	}
+}
+
+function articleWith(translations: CoverageEntry[], overrides: Partial<Article> = {}): Article {
+	return {
+		id: 12,
+		title: 'T12',
+		body: '',
+		is_online: false,
+		lang: 'fr',
+		site_id: 1,
+		capabilities: FULL,
+		translations,
+		created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+		updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+		...overrides,
+	}
+}
+
+const sites = ref([{ id: 1, key: 'journal' }] as Site[])
+
+function languages(...tags: [string, boolean][]) {
+	return {
+		languages: tags.map(([lang, enabled]) => ({ lang, enabled })),
+	}
+}
+
+function setup(article: Article | null) {
+	return useEditorVersions(ref(article), sites, ref(FULL))
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	getLanguages.mockReset()
+	getLanguages.mockResolvedValue(languages(['fr', true], ['en', true]))
+})
+
+describe('The editor language versions', () => {
+	it('is not multilingual with a single enabled language and a single translation', async () => {
+		getLanguages.mockResolvedValue(languages(['fr', true]))
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([entry(12, 'fr')]))
+		await versions.loadLanguages()
+
+		expect(versions.multilingual.value).toBe(false)
+		expect(versions.sentenceName.value).toBeNull()
+		expect(versions.rows.value).toEqual([])
+	})
+
+	it('is multilingual with two translations and lists the siblings', () => {
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([entry(12, 'fr'), entry(10, 'en', { is_online: true })]))
+
+		expect(versions.multilingual.value).toBe(true)
+		expect(versions.siblings.value.map((sibling) => sibling.id)).toEqual([10])
+		expect(versions.onlineSiblingNames.value).toHaveLength(1)
+		expect(versions.rows.value.map((row) => row.lang)).toEqual(['fr', 'en'])
+	})
+
+	it('offers a missing enabled language as a translation to add', async () => {
+		getLanguages.mockResolvedValue(languages(['fr', true], ['en', true], ['de', true]))
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([entry(12, 'fr'), entry(10, 'en')]))
+		await versions.loadLanguages()
+
+		expect(
+			versions.rows.value.filter((row) => row.addTranslation).map((row) => row.lang),
+		).toEqual(['de'])
+	})
+
+	it('flags a disabled language on the current version', () => {
+		const versions = setup(
+			articleWith([entry(12, 'fr', { language_enabled: false }), entry(10, 'en')]),
+		)
+
+		expect(versions.languageDisabled.value).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('falls back to no languages when loading them fails', async () => {
+		getLanguages.mockRejectedValue(new Error('offline'))
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([entry(12, 'fr')]))
+
+		await versions.loadLanguages()
+
+		expect(versions.multilingual.value).toBe(false)
+	})
+
+	it('does not load languages for an article without a language tag', async () => {
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([], { lang: undefined }))
+
+		await versions.loadLanguages()
+
+		expect(getLanguages).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+	})
+
+	it('marks a translation online and retitles it in place', () => {
+		const versions = setup(articleWith([entry(12, 'fr'), entry(10, 'en')]))
+
+		versions.markOnline(10, true)
+		versions.markTitle(10, 'New')
+
+		expect(versions.siblings.value[0]).toMatchObject({ is_online: true, title: 'New' })
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { nextTick, watch } from 'vue'
+import { announce, liveMessage } from '@/composables/useLiveAnnouncement'
+
+describe('The live announcement', () => {
+	it('exposes the announced text', async () => {
+		announce('Editing French version')
+		await nextTick()
+
+		expect(liveMessage.value).toBe('Editing French version')
+	})
+
+	it('clears the text first so an identical message changes the region again', async () => {
+		announce('Saved')
+		await nextTick()
+		const seen: string[] = []
+		const stop = watchValues(seen)
+
+		announce('Saved')
+		await nextTick()
+		await nextTick()
+		stop()
+
+		expect(seen).toEqual(['', 'Saved'])
+	})
+})
+
+function watchValues(seen: string[]) {
+	return watch(liveMessage, (value) => seen.push(value), { flush: 'sync' })
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { defineComponent } from 'vue'
+import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
+import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from 'pinia'
+import router from '@/router'
+import { useShellLogout } from '@/composables/useShellSession'
+import { useSessionStore } from '@/stores/session'
+import { clearStashedArticle, stashArticle, takeStashedArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+
+const request = vi.fn()
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: () => ({ request }) }
+})
+
+beforeEach(() => request.mockReset().mockResolvedValue(undefined))
+afterEach(() => {
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+	clearStashedArticle()
+})
+
+function mountLogout() {
+	let logout!: () => Promise<void>
+	mount(
+		defineComponent({
+			setup() {
+				logout = useShellLogout().logout
+				return () => null
+			},
+		}),
+		{ global: { plugins: [router] } },
+	)
+	return logout
+}
+
+describe('An explicit logout removes the stored drafts of that user only', () => {
+	it('removes every draft of user 7 and keeps the drafts of user 8', async () => {
+		setActivePinia(createPinia())
+		useSessionStore().session = { id: 7, verified: true, displayName: '' }
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12', '{}')
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:30', '{}')
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:8:12', '{}')
+		const logout = mountLogout()
+
+		await logout()
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12')).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:30')).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:8:12')).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('Logout cleans up even when the request fails', () => {
+	it('still removes the drafts, the prefetched article and the session', async () => {
+		setActivePinia(createPinia())
+		const session = useSessionStore()
+		session.session = { id: 7, verified: true, displayName: '' }
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12', '{}')
+		stashArticle({
+			id: 12,
+			title: 'T',
+			body: '',
+			is_online: false,
+			capabilities: ['read'],
+			created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+			updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+		})
+		request.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('network'))
+		const logout = mountLogout()
+
+		await logout()
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12')).toBeNull()
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)).toBeNull()
+		expect(session.session).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { defineComponent, h } from 'vue'
+import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
+import { createMemoryHistory, createRouter, RouterView } from 'vue-router'
+import { useUnsavedChangesGuard } from '@/composables/useUnsavedChangesGuard'
+
+const open = vi.fn()
+
+vi.mock('@nuxt/ui/composables', () => ({
+	useOverlay: () => ({ create: () => ({ open }) }),
+	useToast: () => ({ add: vi.fn(), toasts: { value: [] } }),
+}))
+
+let dirty = true
+const onDiscard = vi.fn()
+
+const Editor = defineComponent({
+	setup() {
+		useUnsavedChangesGuard({ isDirty: () => dirty, title: () => 'Draft', onDiscard })
+		return () => null
+	},
+})
+
+async function mountAt(path: string) {
+	const router = createRouter({
+		history: createMemoryHistory(),
+		routes: [
+			{ path: '/article/:id/edit', component: Editor },
+			{ path: '/article', component: { render: () => null } },
+		],
+	})
+	await router.push(path)
+	await router.isReady()
+	mount({ render: () => h(RouterView) }, { global: { plugins: [router] } })
+	return router
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	open.mockReset()
+	onDiscard.mockReset()
+	dirty = true
+})
+
+describe('The unsaved changes guard', () => {
+	it('asks before leaving the page while the draft is dirty', async () => {
+		open.mockResolvedValue(true)
+		const router = await mountAt('/article/1/edit')
+
+		await router.push('/article')
+
+		expect(open).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/1/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('asks before a param-only navigation to another article', async () => {
+		open.mockResolvedValue(true)
+		const router = await mountAt('/article/1/edit')
+
+		await router.push('/article/2/edit')
+
+		expect(open).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/1/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('discards and follows a param-only navigation when the user chooses to discard', async () => {
+		open.mockResolvedValue(false)
+		const router = await mountAt('/article/1/edit')
+
+		await router.push('/article/2/edit')
+
+		expect(onDiscard).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/2/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('does not ask when nothing is unsaved', async () => {
+		dirty = false
+		const router = await mountAt('/article/1/edit')
+
+		await router.push('/article/2/edit')
+
+		expect(open).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/2/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('does not ask when only the query changes', async () => {
+		const router = await mountAt('/article/1/edit')
+
+		await router.push('/article/1/edit?tab=seo')
+
+		expect(open).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { defineComponent } from 'vue'
+import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
+import { useVersionSwitch } from '@/composables/useVersionSwitch'
+import { takeStashedArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+import type { VersionRow } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+
+const push = vi.fn()
+const request = vi.fn()
+
+vi.mock('vue-router', () => ({ useRouter: () => ({ push }) }))
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', () => ({
+	useApi: () => ({ request }),
+	authRedirectPending: { value: false },
+}))
+vi.mock('@nuxt/ui/composables', () => ({
+	useOverlay: () => ({ create: () => ({ open: () => Promise.resolve('save') }) }),
+	useToast: () => ({ add: vi.fn(), toasts: { value: [] } }),
+}))
+
+const row: VersionRow = {
+	key: 'version-11',
+	lang: 'de',
+	name: 'German',
+	code: 'DE',
+	articleId: 11,
+	title: 'T',
+	current: false,
+	online: false,
+	readOnly: false,
+	languageDisabled: false,
+	addTranslation: false,
+}
+
+const target = {
+	id: 11,
+	title: 'T',
+	body: '',
+	is_online: false,
+	capabilities: ['read'],
+	created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+	updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+}
+
+function mountSwitch() {
+	const allowLeave = vi.fn()
+	const cancelLeave = vi.fn()
+	let choose!: (row: VersionRow) => Promise<void>
+	mount(
+		defineComponent({
+			setup() {
+				choose = useVersionSwitch({
+					currentName: () => 'French',
+					hasUnsavedChanges: () => false,
+					save: async () => 'saved',
+					discard: () => undefined,
+					allowLeave,
+					cancelLeave,
+				}).choose
+				return () => null
+			},
+		}),
+	)
+	return { choose, allowLeave, cancelLeave }
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	push.mockReset()
+	request.mockReset()
+	request.mockResolvedValue(target)
+})
+
+describe('Switching to another version', () => {
+	it('lets the leave through and stashes the fetched article before navigating', async () => {
+		push.mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+		const { choose, allowLeave, cancelLeave } = mountSwitch()
+
+		await choose(row)
+
+		expect(allowLeave).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+		expect(cancelLeave).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+		expect(push).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/article/11/edit')
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(11)?.id).toBe(11)
+	})
+
+	it.each([
+		['throws', () => push.mockRejectedValue(new Error('boom'))],
+		['is cancelled', () => push.mockResolvedValue({ type: 4 })],
+	])(
+		'restores the leave guard and clears the stash when the navigation %s',
+		async (_, arrange) => {
+			arrange()
+			const { choose, cancelLeave } = mountSwitch()
+
+			await choose(row)
+
+			expect(cancelLeave).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
+			expect(takeStashedArticle(11)).toBeNull()
+		},
+	)
+
+	it('never lets the leave through when the fetch fails', async () => {
+		request.mockRejectedValue(new Error('offline'))
+		const { choose, allowLeave } = mountSwitch()
+
+		await choose(row)
+
+		expect(allowLeave).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+		expect(push).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(11)).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@ import type { Article, Byline } from '@/composables/useArticles'
 import { sameIds, toBylines } from '@/lib/articleMeta'
 import { EMPTY_SEO, seoChanges, seoOf, type ArticleSeo } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
 import { AUTHOR_CODES, SITE_CODES, codeOf, statusOf } from '@/lib/directoryErrors'
+import { TITLE_SERVER_MESSAGE } from '@/lib/editorTitle'
+import {
+	readStoredDraft,
+	removeStoredDraft,
+	writeStoredDraft,
+	type StoredDraft,
+} from '@/lib/storedDraft'

 export type ArticleDraftBusinessState = 'clean' | 'dirty' | 'saving' | 'saved' | 'error'
 export type ArticleDraftState = ArticleDraftBusinessState | 'offline'
@@ -16,86 +23,24 @@ export type SaveOutcome =
 	| 'author-gone'
 	| 'slug-taken'
 	| 'invalid-url'
+	| 'invalid-title'

 export interface ArticleMeta {
 	siteId: number | null
 	authors: Byline[]
 }

-function draftStorageKey(articleId: number) {
-	return `renewcms:article-draft:${articleId}`
-}
-
-function metaStorageKey(articleId: number) {
-	return `renewcms:article-draft-meta:${articleId}`
-}
-
-function seoStorageKey(articleId: number) {
-	return `renewcms:article-draft-seo:${articleId}`
-}
-
 const SLUG_TAKEN_CODE = 'slug_taken'
 const INVALID_URL_CODE = 'invalid_url'

-function readStorage(key: string): string | null {
-	try {
-		return sessionStorage.getItem(key)
-	} catch {
-		return null
-	}
-}
-
-function writeStorage(key: string, value: string) {
-	try {
-		sessionStorage.setItem(key, value)
-	} catch {
-		return
-	}
-}
-
-function removeStorage(key: string) {
-	try {
-		sessionStorage.removeItem(key)
-	} catch {
-		return
-	}
-}
-
-function readMirroredMeta(articleId: number): ArticleMeta | null {
-	const raw = readStorage(metaStorageKey(articleId))
-	if (raw === null) {
-		return null
-	}
-	try {
-		const parsed = JSON.parse(raw) as {
-			site_id: number | null
-			authors: Byline[]
-		}
-		return { siteId: parsed.site_id, authors: toBylines(parsed.authors) }
-	} catch {
-		return null
-	}
-}
-
-function readMirroredSeo(articleId: number, base: ArticleSeo): ArticleSeo | null {
-	const raw = readStorage(seoStorageKey(articleId))
-	if (raw === null) {
-		return null
-	}
-	try {
-		return seoOf(JSON.parse(raw), base)
-	} catch {
-		return null
-	}
-}
-
-export function readMirroredDraft(articleId: number): string | null {
-	return readStorage(draftStorageKey(articleId))
-}
-
-export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
+export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number, userId: number | null = null) {
 	const { request } = useApi()

+	const title = ref('')
+	const savedTitle = ref('')
+	const titleServerError = ref('')
+	const savingTitle = ref(false)
+	const restoredAt = ref<Date | null>(null)
 	const body = ref('')
 	const bodyEdited = ref(false)
 	const meta = ref<ArticleMeta>({ siteId: null, authors: [] })
@@ -140,28 +85,29 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
 		return seoChanges(seo.value, savedSeo.value)
 	}

-	function mirrorToStorage() {
-		if (bodyEdited.value) {
-			writeStorage(draftStorageKey(articleId), body.value)
-		}
-		if (siteChanged() || authorsChanged()) {
-			writeStorage(
-				metaStorageKey(articleId),
-				JSON.stringify({
-					site_id: meta.value.siteId,
-					authors: meta.value.authors,
-				}),
-			)
-		}
-		if (Object.keys(seoPatch()).length > 0) {
-			writeStorage(seoStorageKey(articleId), JSON.stringify(seo.value))
-		}
+	function titleChanged() {
+		return title.value !== savedTitle.value
 	}

-	function clearStorage() {
-		removeStorage(draftStorageKey(articleId))
-		removeStorage(metaStorageKey(articleId))
-		removeStorage(seoStorageKey(articleId))
+	function mirrorToStorage() {
+		const draft: StoredDraft = { mirrored_at: new Date().toISOString() }
+		if (titleChanged()) {
+			draft.title = title.value
+		}
+		if (bodyEdited.value) {
+			draft.body = body.value
+		}
+		if (siteChanged() || authorsChanged()) {
+			draft.meta = { site_id: meta.value.siteId, authors: meta.value.authors }
+		}
+		if (Object.keys(seoPatch()).length > 0) {
+			draft.seo = seo.value
+		}
+		writeStoredDraft(userId, articleId, draft)
+	}
+
+	function discardStored() {
+		removeStoredDraft(userId, articleId)
 	}

 	function load(
@@ -169,19 +115,28 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
 		initialSavedAt: Date,
 		initialMeta?: ArticleMeta,
 		initialSeo?: ArticleSeo,
+		initialTitle = '',
 	) {
-		const mirrored = readMirroredDraft(articleId)
-		const mirroredMeta = readMirroredMeta(articleId)
+		const stored = readStoredDraft(userId, articleId)
 		savedAt.value = initialSavedAt
+		savedTitle.value = initialTitle
+		title.value = stored?.title ?? initialTitle
 		savedMeta.value = initialMeta ?? { siteId: null, authors: [] }
-		meta.value = mirroredMeta ?? savedMeta.value
+		meta.value = stored?.meta
+			? { siteId: stored.meta.site_id, authors: toBylines(stored.meta.authors) }
+			: savedMeta.value
 		savedSeo.value = initialSeo ?? { ...EMPTY_SEO }
-		const mirroredSeo = readMirroredSeo(articleId, savedSeo.value)
-		seo.value = mirroredSeo ?? savedSeo.value
-		bodyEdited.value = mirrored !== null
-		body.value = mirrored ?? initialBody
-		const restored = mirrored !== null || mirroredMeta !== null || mirroredSeo !== null
-		businessState.value = restored ? 'dirty' : 'clean'
+		seo.value = stored?.seo ? seoOf(stored.seo, savedSeo.value) : savedSeo.value
+		bodyEdited.value = stored?.body !== undefined
+		body.value = stored?.body ?? initialBody
+		restoredAt.value = stored ? new Date(stored.mirrored_at) : null
+		businessState.value = stored ? 'dirty' : 'clean'
+	}
+
+	function editTitle(next: string) {
+		title.value = next
+		titleServerError.value = ''
+		businessState.value = 'dirty'
 	}

 	function edit(newBody: string) {
@@ -213,6 +168,7 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
 	function savePayload() {
 		return {
 			...seoPatch(),
+			...(titleChanged() ? { title: title.value } : {}),
 			...(bodyEdited.value ? { body: body.value } : {}),
 			...(siteChanged() ? { site_id: meta.value.siteId } : {}),
 			...(authorsChanged()
@@ -223,6 +179,10 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {

 	function rejectedOutcome(err: unknown): SaveOutcome | null {
 		const code = codeOf(err)
+		if (statusOf(err) === 400 && code === TITLE_SERVER_MESSAGE) {
+			titleServerError.value = code
+			return 'invalid-title'
+		}
 		if (statusOf(err) === 409 && code === SLUG_TAKEN_CODE) {
 			return 'slug-taken'
 		}
@@ -242,6 +202,7 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {

 	async function save(): Promise<SaveOutcome> {
 		businessState.value = 'saving'
+		savingTitle.value = titleChanged()
 		const payload = savePayload()
 		try {
 			const saved =
@@ -253,14 +214,18 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
 						})
 					: undefined
 			businessState.value = 'saved'
+			savingTitle.value = false
 			savedAt.value = new Date()
+			savedTitle.value = title.value
+			restoredAt.value = null
 			savedMeta.value = meta.value
 			savedSeo.value = seoOf(saved, seo.value)
 			seo.value = savedSeo.value
 			bodyEdited.value = false
-			clearStorage()
+			discardStored()
 			return 'saved'
 		} catch (err) {
+			savingTitle.value = false
 			const rejected = rejectedOutcome(err)
 			if (rejected) {
 				businessState.value = 'dirty'
@@ -286,16 +251,23 @@ export function useArticleDraft(articleId: number) {
 	}

 	return {
+		title,
+		titleServerError,
+		savingTitle,
+		restoredAt,
 		body,
 		meta,
 		seo,
 		savedSeo,
 		bodyEdited,
 		mirrorToStorage,
+		discardStored,
 		state,
+		businessState,
 		savedAt,
 		load,
 		edit,
+		editTitle,
 		editMeta,
 		editSeo,
 		markDirty,
@@ -1,26 +1,8 @@
-import type { SuggestionCode } from '@/lib/seoTypes'
-import type { ArticleSeo } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
 import { useApi } from '@/composables/useApi'
-import type { Byline } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import type { Article, ArticleCapability, Byline, CoverageEntry } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
 import type { ArticleStatus, ArticleTab, SEO_FILTER } from '@/lib/articleListQuery'

-export type { Byline }
-
-export interface Article extends Partial<ArticleSeo> {
-	id: number
-	title: string
-	body: string
-	is_online: boolean
-	lang?: string
-	site_id?: number
-	created_by?: number
-	authors?: Byline[]
-	created_at: string
-	updated_at: string
-	seo_status?: string
-	seo_dismissed?: SuggestionCode[]
-	seo_suggestions?: number
-}
+export type { Article, ArticleCapability, Byline, CoverageEntry }

 export type { ArticleStatus }

@@ -49,17 +31,6 @@ export interface ListArticlesParams {
 	seo?: '' | typeof SEO_FILTER
 }

-export type ArticleCapability = 'read' | 'edit' | 'publish' | 'delete' | 'create_translation'
-
-export interface CoverageEntry {
-	id: number
-	lang: string
-	title: string
-	is_online: boolean
-	language_enabled: boolean
-	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
-}
-
 export interface StoryItem extends Article {
 	story_id?: number
 	story_updated_at: string
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+import { useLocalizedOverlay, useLocalizedToast } from '@/i18n/presentation'
+import EditorActionDialog from '@/components/EditorActionDialog.vue'
+import { useApi } from '@/composables/useApi'
+import type { Article } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import type { SaveOutcome } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
+import { statusOf, codeOf } from '@/lib/directoryErrors'
+import { joinNames } from '@/lib/nameList'
+
+const LANGUAGE_DISABLED_CODE = 'language_disabled'
+
+interface PublishingOptions {
+	articleId: number
+	language: () => string
+	siblingNames: () => string[]
+	onlineSiblingNames: () => string[]
+	hasUnsavedChanges: () => boolean
+	save: () => Promise<SaveOutcome>
+	onUpdated: (updated: Article) => void
+	onGone: () => void
+}
+
+interface DialogCopy {
+	title: string
+	description: string
+	confirmLabel: string
+	notice?: { title: string; description: string }
+}
+
+export function useEditorPublishing(options: PublishingOptions) {
+	const { request } = useApi()
+	const overlay = useLocalizedOverlay()
+	const toast = useLocalizedToast()
+	const publishing = ref(false)
+	const publishFailed = ref(false)
+	const languageBlocked = ref(false)
+
+	function confirm(copy: () => DialogCopy): Promise<boolean> {
+		return overlay
+			.create(EditorActionDialog, {
+				props: {
+					get title() {
+						return copy().title
+					},
+					get description() {
+						return copy().description
+					},
+					get confirmLabel() {
+						return copy().confirmLabel
+					},
+					get notice() {
+						return copy().notice
+					},
+				},
+			})
+			.open()
+			.then(Boolean)
+	}
+
+	function otherVersionsLine() {
+		const names = options.siblingNames()
+		if (names.length === 0) {
+			return ''
+		}
+		return names.length === 1
+			? t("{0} isn't affected.", [names[0]])
+			: t("{0} aren't affected.", [joinNames(names)])
+	}
+
+	function publishCopy(): DialogCopy {
+		const language = options.language()
+		return {
+			title: t('Publish {0}?', [language]),
+			description:
+				`${t('Only the {0} version goes online.', [language])} ${otherVersionsLine()}`.trim(),
+			confirmLabel: t('Publish {0}', [language]),
+		}
+	}
+
+	function saveAndPublishCopy(): DialogCopy {
+		const language = options.language()
+		return {
+			title: t('Save and publish {0}?', [language]),
+			description: `${t(
+				'Your unsaved changes to the {0} version are saved first, then only the {0} version goes online.',
+				[language],
+			)} ${otherVersionsLine()}`.trim(),
+			confirmLabel: t('Save and publish {0}', [language]),
+		}
+	}
+
+	function stayingOnline() {
+		const online = options.onlineSiblingNames()
+		if (online.length === 0) {
+			return ''
+		}
+		return online.length === 1
+			? t('{0} stays online.', [online[0]])
+			: t('{0} stay online.', [joinNames(online)])
+	}
+
+	function unpublishCopy(): DialogCopy {
+		const language = options.language()
+		const dirty = options.hasUnsavedChanges()
+		const lead = dirty
+			? t('The saved {0} version goes offline and becomes a draft.', [language])
+			: t('The {0} version goes back to draft and stops being public.', [language])
+		return {
+			title: t('Unpublish {0}?', [language]),
+			description: `${lead} ${stayingOnline()}`.trim(),
+			confirmLabel: t('Unpublish {0}', [language]),
+			notice: dirty
+				? {
+						title: t('Your edits stay in the editor'),
+						description: t(
+							'Your unsaved changes are kept here. Nothing is saved when you unpublish. Save them yourself when you are ready.',
+						),
+					}
+				: undefined,
+		}
+	}
+
+	function othersLine() {
+		return t("Other versions weren't changed.")
+	}
+
+	function announceDone(title: string) {
+		toast.add(() => ({
+			color: 'success',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-circle-check',
+			title,
+			get description() {
+				return othersLine()
+			},
+		}))
+	}
+
+	function announceFailure(title: string) {
+		toast.add(() => ({
+			color: 'error',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-circle-x',
+			title,
+			get description() {
+				return t('Nothing changed. Try again.')
+			},
+		}))
+	}
+
+	function announceSaveFailure() {
+		toast.add(() => ({
+			color: 'error',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-circle-x',
+			get title() {
+				return t("Couldn't save {0}", [options.language()])
+			},
+			get description() {
+				return t('Nothing was published. Your changes are kept. Try again.')
+			},
+		}))
+	}
+
+	function isLanguageDisabled(err: unknown) {
+		return statusOf(err) === 422 && codeOf(err) === LANGUAGE_DISABLED_CODE
+	}
+
+	async function send(makeOnline: boolean) {
+		publishing.value = true
+		try {
+			const updated = await request<Article>(
+				`/v1/article/${options.articleId}/${makeOnline ? 'publish' : 'unpublish'}?format=html`,
+				{ method: 'PATCH' },
+			)
+			publishFailed.value = false
+			options.onUpdated(updated)
+			announceDone(
+				makeOnline
+					? t('{0} published', [options.language()])
+					: t('{0} unpublished', [options.language()]),
+			)
+			return true
+		} catch (err) {
+			if (statusOf(err) === 404) {
+				options.onGone()
+			} else if (isLanguageDisabled(err)) {
+				languageBlocked.value = true
+			} else {
+				announceFailure(
+					makeOnline
+						? t("Couldn't publish {0}", [options.language()])
+						: t("Couldn't unpublish {0}", [options.language()]),
+				)
+			}
+			return false
+		} finally {
+			publishing.value = false
+		}
+	}
+
+	async function publish() {
+		if (await confirm(publishCopy)) {
+			await send(true)
+		}
+	}
+
+	async function unpublish() {
+		if (await confirm(unpublishCopy)) {
+			await send(false)
+		}
+	}
+
+	async function retryPublish() {
+		await send(true)
+	}
+
+	async function saveAndPublish() {
+		if (!(await confirm(saveAndPublishCopy))) {
+			return
+		}
+		const outcome = await options.save()
+		if (outcome !== 'saved') {
+			if (outcome === 'error') {
+				announceSaveFailure()
+			}
+			return
+		}
+		const published = await send(true)
+		publishFailed.value = !published && !languageBlocked.value
+	}
+
+	function clearPublishFailure() {
+		publishFailed.value = false
+	}
+
+	return {
+		publishing,
+		publishFailed,
+		languageBlocked,
+		publish,
+		unpublish,
+		retryPublish,
+		saveAndPublish,
+		clearPublishFailure,
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import { computed, ref, type Ref } from 'vue'
+import { locale } from '@/i18n'
+import type { Article, ArticleCapability } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import { useSiteLanguages } from '@/composables/useSiteLanguages'
+import type { Site } from '@/composables/useSites'
+import { versionRows } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+import { languageName, type SiteLanguage } from '@/lib/siteLanguages'
+import { nameInSentence } from '@/lib/storyList'
+
+export function useEditorVersions(
+	article: Ref<Article | null>,
+	sites: Ref<Site[]>,
+	capabilities: Ref<ArticleCapability[]>,
+) {
+	const { getLanguages } = useSiteLanguages()
+	const siteLanguages = ref<SiteLanguage[]>([])
+
+	const tag = computed(() => article.value?.lang ?? '')
+	const translations = computed(() => article.value?.translations ?? [])
+	const enabledLanguages = computed(() =>
+		siteLanguages.value.filter((language) => language.enabled).map((language) => language.lang),
+	)
+	const multilingual = computed(
+		() =>
+			tag.value !== '' &&
+			(enabledLanguages.value.length > 1 || translations.value.length > 1),
+	)
+	const displayName = computed(() => (tag.value ? languageName(tag.value, locale.value) : ''))
+	const sentenceName = computed<string | null>(() =>
+		multilingual.value ? nameInSentence(tag.value) : null,
+	)
+	const currentTranslation = computed(() =>
+		translations.value.find((entry) => entry.id === article.value?.id),
+	)
+	const languageDisabled = computed(() => currentTranslation.value?.language_enabled === false)
+	const siblings = computed(() =>
+		translations.value.filter((entry) => entry.id !== article.value?.id),
+	)
+	const rows = computed(() =>
+		multilingual.value
+			? versionRows({
+					translations: translations.value,
+					currentId: article.value?.id ?? 0,
+					capabilities: capabilities.value,
+					enabledLanguages: enabledLanguages.value,
+				})
+			: [],
+	)
+	const siblingNames = computed(() => siblings.value.map((entry) => nameInSentence(entry.lang)))
+	const onlineSiblingNames = computed(() =>
+		siblings.value
+			.filter((entry) => entry.is_online)
+			.map((entry) => nameInSentence(entry.lang)),
+	)
+
+	async function loadLanguages() {
+		const current = article.value
+		const key = sites.value.find((site) => site.id === current?.site_id)?.key
+		if (!current?.lang || !key) {
+			return
+		}
+		try {
+			siteLanguages.value = (await getLanguages(key)).languages
+		} catch {
+			siteLanguages.value = []
+		}
+	}
+
+	function markOnline(id: number, online: boolean) {
+		const current = article.value
+		if (!current?.translations) {
+			return
+		}
+		current.translations = current.translations.map((entry) =>
+			entry.id === id ? { ...entry, is_online: online } : entry,
+		)
+	}
+
+	function markTitle(id: number, title: string) {
+		const current = article.value
+		if (!current?.translations) {
+			return
+		}
+		current.translations = current.translations.map((entry) =>
+			entry.id === id ? { ...entry, title } : entry,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return {
+		tag,
+		displayName,
+		sentenceName,
+		multilingual,
+		languageDisabled,
+		siblings,
+		rows,
+		siblingNames,
+		onlineSiblingNames,
+		loadLanguages,
+		markOnline,
+		markTitle,
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { nextTick, readonly, ref } from 'vue'
+
+const message = ref('')
+
+export const liveMessage = readonly(message)
+
+export function announce(text: string) {
+	message.value = ''
+	nextTick(() => {
+		message.value = text
+	})
+}
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { ref, watch } from 'vue'
 import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
 import { useApi } from '@/composables/useApi'
 import { useContentTypesStore } from '@/stores/contentTypes'
+import { clearStashedArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+import { removeStoredDraftsOf } from '@/lib/storedDraft'
 import { useSessionStore } from '@/stores/session'

 const LOGIN_PATH = '/login'
@@ -31,11 +33,10 @@ export function useShellLogout() {

 	async function logout() {
 		loggingOut.value = true
-		try {
-			await api.request('/v1/auth/logout', { method: 'POST' })
-		} finally {
-			loggingOut.value = false
-		}
+		await api.request('/v1/auth/logout', { method: 'POST' }).catch(() => undefined)
+		loggingOut.value = false
+		removeStoredDraftsOf(session.session?.id)
+		clearStashedArticle()
 		session.clear()
 		await router.push(LOGIN_PATH)
 	}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { onBeforeRouteLeave } from 'vue-router'
+import { onBeforeRouteLeave, onBeforeRouteUpdate } from 'vue-router'
 import { t } from '@/i18n'
 import { useLocalizedOverlay } from '@/i18n/presentation'
 import ConfirmDialog from '@/components/ConfirmDialog.vue'
@@ -7,12 +7,13 @@ import { authRedirectPending } from '@/composables/useApi'
 interface UnsavedChangesOptions {
 	isDirty: () => boolean
 	title: () => string
+	onDiscard?: () => void
 }

-export function useUnsavedChangesGuard({ isDirty, title }: UnsavedChangesOptions) {
+export function useUnsavedChangesGuard({ isDirty, title, onDiscard }: UnsavedChangesOptions) {
 	const overlay = useLocalizedOverlay()

-	onBeforeRouteLeave(async () => {
+	async function allowsLeaving() {
 		if (authRedirectPending.value || !isDirty()) {
 			return true
 		}
@@ -40,6 +41,13 @@ export function useUnsavedChangesGuard({ isDirty, title }: UnsavedChangesOptions
 				},
 			})
 			.open()
-		return !confirmed
-	})
+		if (confirmed) {
+			return false
+		}
+		onDiscard?.()
+		return true
+	}
+
+	onBeforeRouteLeave(allowsLeaving)
+	onBeforeRouteUpdate((to, from) => (to.params.id === from.params.id ? true : allowsLeaving()))
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+import { useLocalizedOverlay, useLocalizedToast } from '@/i18n/presentation'
+import EditorLeaveDialog, { type LeaveChoice } from '@/components/EditorLeaveDialog.vue'
+import { useApi } from '@/composables/useApi'
+import type { Article } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import type { SaveOutcome } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
+import { useDelayedSkeleton } from '@/composables/useDelayedSkeleton'
+import { announce } from '@/composables/useLiveAnnouncement'
+import type { VersionRow } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+import { clearStashedArticle, stashArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+
+interface VersionSwitchOptions {
+	currentName: () => string
+	hasUnsavedChanges: () => boolean
+	save: () => Promise<SaveOutcome>
+	discard: () => void
+	allowLeave: () => void
+	cancelLeave: () => void
+}
+
+export function useVersionSwitch(options: VersionSwitchOptions) {
+	const { request } = useApi()
+	const router = useRouter()
+	const overlay = useLocalizedOverlay()
+	const toast = useLocalizedToast()
+	const loading = useDelayedSkeleton()
+	const opening = ref(false)
+
+	function announceFailure(row: VersionRow) {
+		toast.add(() => ({
+			color: 'error',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-circle-x',
+			get title() {
+				return t("Couldn't open the {0} version", [row.name])
+			},
+			get description() {
+				return t("You're still editing {0}. Try again.", [options.currentName()])
+			},
+		}))
+	}
+
+	async function open(row: VersionRow) {
+		opening.value = true
+		loading.start()
+		try {
+			const target = await request<Article>(`/v1/article/${row.articleId}?format=html`)
+			stashArticle(target)
+			options.allowLeave()
+			const failure = await router.push(`/article/${row.articleId}/edit`)
+			if (failure) {
+				throw failure
+			}
+			announce(t('Editing {0} version', [row.name]))
+		} catch {
+			options.cancelLeave()
+			clearStashedArticle()
+			announceFailure(row)
+		} finally {
+			opening.value = false
+			loading.stop()
+		}
+	}
+
+	function askToLeave(row: VersionRow): Promise<LeaveChoice> {
+		return overlay
+			.create(EditorLeaveDialog, {
+				props: {
+					get language() {
+						return options.currentName()
+					},
+					get target() {
+						return row.name
+					},
+				},
+			})
+			.open() as Promise<LeaveChoice>
+	}
+
+	async function settleUnsaved(row: VersionRow) {
+		const choice = await askToLeave(row)
+		if (choice === 'discard') {
+			options.discard()
+			return true
+		}
+		return choice === 'save' && (await options.save()) === 'saved'
+	}
+
+	async function choose(row: VersionRow) {
+		if (row.current || row.addTranslation || row.articleId === null || opening.value) {
+			return
+		}
+		if (options.hasUnsavedChanges() && !(await settleUnsaved(row))) {
+			return
+		}
+		await open(row)
+	}
+
+	return { choose, loadingVisible: loading.visible }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { editorMessages } from './editorMessages'
+import { messages } from './messages'
+
+const SOURCES = [
+	'components/EditorActionDialog.vue',
+	'components/EditorActions.vue',
+	'components/EditorLanguageMenu.vue',
+	'components/EditorLanguageRow.vue',
+	'components/EditorLeaveDialog.vue',
+	'components/EditorMobileBar.vue',
+	'components/EditorNotices.vue',
+	'components/EditorOverflowMenu.vue',
+	'components/EditorTitleField.vue',
+	'components/EditorVersionGone.vue',
+	'composables/useEditorPublishing.ts',
+	'composables/useVersionSwitch.ts',
+	'lib/editorLabels.ts',
+	'lib/editorNotices.ts',
+	'lib/editorOverflow.ts',
+	'views/EditorView.vue',
+]
+
+const SAME_IN_FRENCH = new Set(['Save', 'Draft', 'Title', 'Body', 'Articles'])
+const LITERAL = /\bt\(\s*(?:'((?:\\.|[^'\\])*)'|"((?:\\.|[^"\\])*)")/g
+const NUMBERED = /\{\d+\}/g
+
+function keysIn(source: string) {
+	return [...source.matchAll(LITERAL)].map((match) =>
+		(match[1] ?? match[2] ?? '').replace(/\\(['"\\])/g, '$1'),
+	)
+}
+
+describe('Editor messages', () => {
+	const keys = SOURCES.flatMap((file) =>
+		keysIn(readFileSync(join(import.meta.dirname, '..', file), 'utf8')).map((key) => ({
+			file,
+			key,
+		})),
+	)
+
+	it('finds the strings of the editor', () => {
+		expect(keys.length).toBeGreaterThan(60)
+	})
+
+	it.each(keys.map(({ file, key }) => [file, key]))(
+		'%s: "%s" has a French entry',
+		(_file, key) => {
+			const french = (messages as Record<string, string>)[key as string]
+
+			expect(french).toMatch(/\S/)
+			if (!SAME_IN_FRENCH.has(key as string)) {
+				expect(french).not.toBe(key)
+			}
+		},
+	)
+
+	it.each(Object.entries(editorMessages))(
+		'keeps the placeholders of "%s" in French',
+		(english, french) => {
+			expect([...french.matchAll(NUMBERED)].map((m) => m[0]).sort()).toEqual(
+				[...english.matchAll(NUMBERED)].map((m) => m[0]).sort(),
+			)
+		},
+	)
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+export const editorMessages = {
+	'Language: {0}. Switch version': 'Langue : {0}. Changer de version',
+	'Versions you can open': 'Versions que vous pouvez ouvrir',
+	'Find a language': 'Rechercher une langue',
+	'Switching opens that version. The interface language stays the same.':
+		'Changer ouvre cette version. La langue de l’interface ne change pas.',
+	'Versions of this article': 'Versions de cet article',
+	'Add translation': 'Ajouter une traduction',
+	"Your changes to the {0} version aren't saved.":
+		'Vos modifications de la version {0} ne sont pas enregistrées.',
+	'Discard and open {0}': 'Abandonner et ouvrir {0}',
+	'Save and open {0}': 'Enregistrer et ouvrir {0}',
+	'Retry publish': 'Réessayer la publication',
+	'Enter a title': 'Saisissez un titre',
+	'Use at least 3 characters': 'Utilisez au moins 3 caractères',
+	'Use 200 characters or fewer': 'Utilisez 200 caractères au plus',
+	"Couldn't save the title. Your text is kept.":
+		'Impossible d’enregistrer le titre. Votre texte est conservé.',
+	'Saving title…': 'Enregistrement du titre…',
+	"Changing the title doesn't change the address.": 'Modifier le titre ne modifie pas l’adresse.',
+	"This version isn't available": 'Cette version n’est pas disponible',
+	'It may have been deleted, or you may not have access.':
+		'Elle a peut-être été supprimée, ou vous n’y avez pas accès.',
+	"{0} isn't affected.": '{0} n’est pas concerné.',
+	"{0} aren't affected.": '{0} ne sont pas concernés.',
+	'Publish {0}?': 'Publier {0} ?',
+	'Only the {0} version goes online.': 'Seule la version {0} est mise en ligne.',
+	'Save and publish {0}?': 'Enregistrer et publier {0} ?',
+	'Your unsaved changes to the {0} version are saved first, then only the {0} version goes online.':
+		'Vos modifications non enregistrées de la version {0} sont d’abord enregistrées, puis seule la version {0} est mise en ligne.',
+	'Save and publish {0}': 'Enregistrer et publier {0}',
+	'{0} stays online.': '{0} reste en ligne.',
+	'{0} stay online.': '{0} restent en ligne.',
+	'The saved {0} version goes offline and becomes a draft.':
+		'La version {0} enregistrée passe hors ligne et redevient un brouillon.',
+	'The {0} version goes back to draft and stops being public.':
+		'La version {0} redevient un brouillon et n’est plus publique.',
+	'Unpublish {0}?': 'Dépublier {0} ?',
+	'Your edits stay in the editor': 'Vos modifications restent dans l’éditeur',
+	'Your unsaved changes are kept here. Nothing is saved when you unpublish. Save them yourself when you are ready.':
+		'Vos modifications non enregistrées sont conservées ici. Rien n’est enregistré quand vous dépubliez. Enregistrez-les vous-même quand vous êtes prêt.',
+	"Other versions weren't changed.": 'Les autres versions n’ont pas été modifiées.',
+	"Couldn't save {0}": 'Impossible d’enregistrer {0}',
+	'Nothing was published. Your changes are kept. Try again.':
+		'Rien n’a été publié. Vos modifications sont conservées. Réessayez.',
+	'{0} unpublished': '{0} dépublié',
+	"Couldn't publish {0}": 'Impossible de publier {0}',
+	"Couldn't unpublish {0}": 'Impossible de dépublier {0}',
+	"Couldn't open the {0} version": 'Impossible d’ouvrir la version {0}',
+	"You're still editing {0}. Try again.": 'Vous modifiez toujours {0}. Réessayez.',
+	'Editing {0} version': 'Modification de la version {0}',
+	'Try saving again': 'Réessayer d’enregistrer',
+	'Title ({0})': 'Titre ({0})',
+	'Restored unsaved changes from {0}': 'Modifications non enregistrées restaurées de {0}',
+	'You logged in again. Your {0} title and body were kept in this browser.':
+		'Vous vous êtes reconnecté. Votre titre et votre texte en {0} ont été conservés dans ce navigateur.',
+	'You logged in again. Your title and body were kept in this browser.':
+		'Vous vous êtes reconnecté. Votre titre et votre texte ont été conservés dans ce navigateur.',
+	"Couldn't save": 'Impossible d’enregistrer',
+	'Your changes are kept here. Nothing was published. Try saving again.':
+		'Vos modifications sont conservées ici. Rien n’a été publié. Réessayez d’enregistrer.',
+	'Saved as a draft. Publishing failed. Try publishing again.':
+		'Enregistré comme brouillon. La publication a échoué. Réessayez de publier.',
+	'Your edits are saved. Only the publishing step failed.':
+		'Vos modifications sont enregistrées. Seule l’étape de publication a échoué.',
+	'{0} is disabled on this site. Re-enable it to publish.':
+		'{0} est désactivé sur ce site. Réactivez-le pour publier.',
+	'You can still edit and save this version. Ask an owner to re-enable {0}.':
+		'Vous pouvez toujours modifier et enregistrer cette version. Demandez à un propriétaire de réactiver {0}.',
+	"You can read this version. You can't edit it.":
+		'Vous pouvez lire cette version. Vous ne pouvez pas la modifier.',
+	'The source reference and the versions you can read stay available.':
+		'La référence source et les versions que vous pouvez lire restent disponibles.',
+	'You can publish this version but not edit it':
+		'Vous pouvez publier cette version mais pas la modifier',
+	'Fields are read-only. Publish stays available.':
+		'Les champs sont en lecture seule. La publication reste disponible.',
+	'Publishing needs the publish permission': 'Publier demande l’autorisation de publier',
+	'Saving keeps it as a draft.': 'L’enregistrement la garde en brouillon.',
+	'This version is online. Saving updates the live page right away.':
+		'Cette version est en ligne. L’enregistrement met à jour la page publique immédiatement.',
+	'Not available yet.': 'Pas encore disponible.',
+	'Move article': 'Déplacer l’article',
+	"You can't delete this article.": 'Vous ne pouvez pas supprimer cet article.',
+	'{0} saved': '{0} enregistré',
+	"{0} wasn't changed.": '{0} n’a pas été modifié.',
+	"Each language has its own title. Changing it doesn't change the URL; edit the slug in Search and sharing.":
+		'Chaque langue a son propre titre. Le modifier ne change pas l’URL ; modifiez le slug dans Recherche et partage.',
+	"Changing the title doesn't change the URL; edit the slug in Search and sharing.":
+		'Modifier le titre ne change pas l’URL ; modifiez le slug dans Recherche et partage.',
+} as const
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import { articleListMessages } from './articleListMessages'
+import { editorMessages } from './editorMessages'
 import { localizationMessages } from './localizationMessages'

 export const messages = {
 	...localizationMessages,
 	...articleListMessages,
+	...editorMessages,
 	'Not found': 'Introuvable',
 	'Edit article': 'Modifier l’article',
 	unselected: 'désélectionnée',
@@ -241,8 +243,6 @@ export const messages = {
 	'Clear search': 'Effacer la recherche',
 	Title: 'Titre',
 	'3 to 200 characters.': 'De 3 à 200 caractères.',
-	"The title can't be changed after creation.":
-		'Le titre ne peut pas être modifié après la création.',
 	'It starts as a draft, so nothing appears on your site until you publish it.':
 		'Il commence comme brouillon : rien n’apparaît sur votre site avant sa publication.',
 	"It's saved as a draft. Titles can't be changed later, so check it now.":
@@ -303,8 +303,6 @@ export const messages = {
 	'Something went wrong on the server. Try again in a moment.':
 		'Une erreur est survenue sur le serveur. Réessayez dans un instant.',
 	'Live. Your website can read this article.': 'Publié. Votre site peut lire cet article.',
-	"Titles can't be changed after an article is created. To use a different title, create a new article and delete this one.":
-		'Les titres ne peuvent pas être modifiés après la création d’un article. Pour changer de titre, créez un nouvel article et supprimez celui-ci.',
 	'Back to Articles': 'Retour aux articles',
 	'Back to Integration': 'Retour à l’intégration',
 	'Your changes to "{0}" haven\'t been saved.':
@@ -775,9 +773,6 @@ export const messages = {
 	'Something went wrong. Try again.': 'Une erreur est survenue. Réessayez.',
 	"This page couldn't load. Your saved work is safe. Try again, and if it keeps happening, restart the RenewCMS server.":
 		'Cette page n’a pas pu se charger. Votre travail enregistré est conservé. Réessayez et, si le problème persiste, redémarrez le serveur RenewCMS.',
-	"This article doesn't exist.": 'Cet article n’existe pas.',
-	'It may have been deleted, or the link is wrong.':
-		'Il a peut-être été supprimé ou le lien est incorrect.',
 	Dismiss: 'Fermer',
 	"You're offline. You can keep writing, but saving and publishing will wait until you're back online.":
 		'Vous êtes hors ligne. Vous pouvez continuer à écrire, mais l’enregistrement et la publication attendront le retour de la connexion.',
@@ -2910,7 +2905,6 @@ export const messages = {
 	'You can write and edit all articles. Publishing is done by an editor.':
 		'Vous pouvez rédiger et modifier tous les articles. La publication est faite par un éditeur.',
 	"Your role can't delete files.": 'Votre rôle ne permet pas de supprimer des fichiers.',
-	'Save draft': 'Enregistrer le brouillon',
 	'The id of the role to give. Absent or 0 means the Writer role. The Owner role is refused.':
 		'L’identifiant du rôle à donner. Absent ou 0, c’est le rôle Rédacteur. Le rôle Propriétaire est refusé.',
 	Access: 'Accès',
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ const KEYS = [
 	"Your role can't delete articles.",
 	'Ask an editor to publish.',
 	'You can write and edit all articles. Publishing is done by an editor.',
-	'Save draft',
 ] as const

 describe('Permission copy', () => {
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { messages } from './messages'
 import { formatAbsoluteDateFromIso } from '@/lib/relativeDate'
 import { formatSize, pluralArticles } from '@/lib/mediaFormat'
 import { storyEnvelope, storyListUrl } from '@/views/__tests__/articleEnvelope'
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
 import { accessFor, ownerAccess } from '@/test/access'

 vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async () => {
@@ -367,6 +368,7 @@ describe('Hardener localization outcomes', () => {
 			title: 'Data title',
 			body: '',
 			is_online: false,
+			capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'] as ArticleCapability[],
 			created_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 			updated_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 		}
@@ -438,6 +440,7 @@ describe('Hardener localization outcomes', () => {
 				body: '<p><img src="/static/uploadedImages/photo.png"></p>',
 				is_online: false,
 				images: [],
+				capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'] as ArticleCapability[],
 				created_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 				updated_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 			}
@@ -459,10 +462,15 @@ describe('Hardener localization outcomes', () => {
 				Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('[role="menuitem"]'))
 					.find((b) => b.textContent?.trim() === 'Delete…')!
 					.click()
-			} else
-				Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLButtonElement>('button'))
-					.find((b) => b.textContent?.trim() === 'Delete')!
+			} else {
+				document.body
+					.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[aria-label="More actions"]')!
 					.click()
+				await flushPromises()
+				Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('[role="menuitem"]'))
+					.find((b) => b.textContent?.trim() === 'Delete article')!
+					.click()
+			}
 			await flushPromises()
 			const snapshots = []
 			for (const language of ['en', 'fr', 'en'] as const) {
@@ -498,6 +506,7 @@ describe('Hardener localization outcomes', () => {
 			body: '',
 			images: [],
 			is_online: false,
+			capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'] as ArticleCapability[],
 			created_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 			updated_at: '2025-02-14T12:00:00Z',
 		})
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import { planActions, type ActionInput, type SaveMood } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+
+const EDIT_PUBLISH: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit', 'publish']
+const EDIT: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit']
+const PUBLISH: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'publish']
+const READ: ArticleCapability[] = ['read']
+
+function input(overrides: Partial<ActionInput>): ActionInput {
+	return {
+		capabilities: EDIT_PUBLISH,
+		online: false,
+		mood: 'clean',
+		titleInvalid: false,
+		languageDisabled: false,
+		publishing: false,
+		...overrides,
+	}
+}
+
+function summary(overrides: Partial<ActionInput>) {
+	const plan = planActions(input(overrides))
+	return {
+		primary: plan.primary?.kind ?? null,
+		save: plan.saveButton ? (plan.saveButton.disabled ? 'disabled' : 'enabled') : null,
+		unpublish: plan.unpublish,
+	}
+}
+
+describe('Header priority and action matrix', () => {
+	it.each([
+		[
+			'clean draft with publish',
+			{},
+			{ primary: 'publish', save: 'disabled', unpublish: false },
+		],
+		[
+			'clean draft with edit only',
+			{ capabilities: EDIT },
+			{ primary: null, save: 'disabled', unpublish: false },
+		],
+		[
+			'dirty draft with edit only',
+			{ capabilities: EDIT, mood: 'dirty' },
+			{ primary: 'save', save: null, unpublish: false },
+		],
+		[
+			'dirty draft with publish',
+			{ mood: 'dirty' },
+			{ primary: 'saveAndPublish', save: 'enabled', unpublish: false },
+		],
+		['clean online', { online: true }, { primary: null, save: 'disabled', unpublish: true }],
+		[
+			'dirty online',
+			{ online: true, mood: 'dirty' },
+			{ primary: 'save', save: null, unpublish: true },
+		],
+		['saving', { mood: 'saving' }, { primary: 'saving', save: null, unpublish: false }],
+		['saved', { mood: 'saved' }, { primary: 'publish', save: 'disabled', unpublish: false }],
+		[
+			'save failed',
+			{ capabilities: EDIT, mood: 'failed' },
+			{ primary: 'trySaveAgain', save: null, unpublish: false },
+		],
+		[
+			'publish failed after save',
+			{ mood: 'publishFailed' },
+			{ primary: 'retryPublish', save: 'disabled', unpublish: false },
+		],
+		[
+			'publish without edit',
+			{ capabilities: PUBLISH },
+			{ primary: 'publish', save: null, unpublish: false },
+		],
+		['read only', { capabilities: READ }, { primary: null, save: null, unpublish: false }],
+	] as [string, Partial<ActionInput>, ReturnType<typeof summary>][])(
+		'%s',
+		(_name, overrides, expected) => {
+			expect(summary(overrides)).toEqual(expected)
+		},
+	)
+
+	it('keeps Save as the only filled button when saving an online version without publish', () => {
+		const plan = planActions(input({ capabilities: EDIT, online: true, mood: 'dirty' }))
+
+		expect(plan.primary?.kind).toBe('save')
+		expect(plan.unpublish).toBe(false)
+		expect(plan.onlineNotice).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('blocks the primary action while the title is invalid', () => {
+		expect(planActions(input({ mood: 'dirty', titleInvalid: true })).primary?.disabled).toBe(
+			true,
+		)
+	})
+
+	it('disables Publish when the language is disabled and falls back to Save when dirty', () => {
+		expect(planActions(input({ languageDisabled: true })).primary).toEqual({
+			kind: 'publish',
+			disabled: true,
+			busy: false,
+		})
+		expect(planActions(input({ languageDisabled: true, mood: 'dirty' })).primary?.kind).toBe(
+			'save',
+		)
+	})
+
+	it('marks the primary busy while publishing', () => {
+		expect(planActions(input({ publishing: true })).primary).toEqual({
+			kind: 'publishing',
+			disabled: true,
+			busy: true,
+		})
+	})
+})
+
+describe('At most one filled button', () => {
+	const moods: SaveMood[] = ['clean', 'dirty', 'saving', 'saved', 'failed', 'publishFailed']
+	const capabilitySets = [READ, EDIT, PUBLISH, EDIT_PUBLISH]
+
+	it.each(
+		capabilitySets.flatMap((capabilities) =>
+			moods.flatMap((mood) =>
+				[true, false].map((online) => ({ capabilities, mood, online })),
+			),
+		),
+	)('$mood online=$online $capabilities', (combination) => {
+		const plan = planActions(input(combination))
+		const filled = [plan.primary].filter(Boolean)
+
+		expect(filled.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('Permission notices', () => {
+	it.each([
+		['readOnly', READ, false],
+		['publishOnly', PUBLISH, false],
+		['editOnly', EDIT, false],
+		[null, EDIT, true],
+		[null, EDIT_PUBLISH, false],
+	] as [string | null, ArticleCapability[], boolean][])(
+		'shows %s for %j online=%s',
+		(notice, capabilities, online) => {
+			expect(planActions(input({ capabilities, online })).notice).toBe(notice)
+		},
+	)
+})
+
+describe('Every combination keeps the action invariants', () => {
+	const moods: SaveMood[] = ['clean', 'dirty', 'saving', 'saved', 'failed', 'publishFailed']
+	const everyCapability: ArticleCapability[] = [
+		'read',
+		'edit',
+		'publish',
+		'delete',
+		'create_translation',
+	]
+	const capabilitySubsets = everyCapability.reduce<ArticleCapability[][]>(
+		(subsets, capability) => [...subsets, ...subsets.map((subset) => [...subset, capability])],
+		[[]],
+	)
+	const booleans = [true, false]
+	const combinations = capabilitySubsets.flatMap((capabilities) =>
+		moods.flatMap((mood) =>
+			booleans.flatMap((online) =>
+				booleans.flatMap((titleInvalid) =>
+					booleans.flatMap((languageDisabled) =>
+						booleans.map((publishing) => ({
+							capabilities,
+							mood,
+							online,
+							titleInvalid,
+							languageDisabled,
+							publishing,
+						})),
+					),
+				),
+			),
+		),
+	)
+	const SAVE_KINDS = ['saving', 'publishing', 'save', 'trySaveAgain']
+	const EDIT_KINDS = ['saving', 'save', 'trySaveAgain', 'saveAndPublish']
+	const PUBLISH_KINDS = ['publishing', 'publish', 'retryPublish', 'saveAndPublish']
+
+	it('covers every combination', () => {
+		expect(combinations).toHaveLength(32 * 6 * 16)
+	})
+
+	it('implies the capability behind every primary action', () => {
+		for (const combination of combinations) {
+			const kind = planActions(input(combination)).primary?.kind
+			const label = JSON.stringify(combination)
+
+			expect(
+				!kind || !EDIT_KINDS.includes(kind) || combination.capabilities.includes('edit'),
+				label,
+			).toBe(true)
+			expect(
+				!kind ||
+					!PUBLISH_KINDS.includes(kind) ||
+					combination.capabilities.includes('publish'),
+				label,
+			).toBe(true)
+		}
+	})
+
+	it('shows the Save button exactly when the caller can edit and the primary is not save-like', () => {
+		for (const combination of combinations) {
+			const plan = planActions(input(combination))
+			const saveLike = plan.primary !== null && SAVE_KINDS.includes(plan.primary.kind)
+			const expected = combination.capabilities.includes('edit') && !saveLike
+
+			expect(plan.saveButton !== null, JSON.stringify(combination)).toBe(expected)
+		}
+	})
+
+	it('offers Unpublish only to a publisher while the version is online and not saving', () => {
+		for (const combination of combinations) {
+			const plan = planActions(input(combination))
+
+			if (plan.unpublish) {
+				expect(
+					combination.capabilities.includes('publish'),
+					JSON.stringify(combination),
+				).toBe(true)
+				expect(combination.online, JSON.stringify(combination)).toBe(true)
+				expect(combination.mood, JSON.stringify(combination)).not.toBe('saving')
+			}
+		}
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { holds } from '@/lib/editorCapabilities'
+
+describe('Holding a capability', () => {
+	it('is true when the capability is listed', () => {
+		expect(holds(['read', 'edit'], 'edit')).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('is false when it is not listed', () => {
+		expect(holds(['read'], 'edit')).toBe(false)
+	})
+
+	it.each([null, undefined])('is false for %s capabilities', (missing) => {
+		expect(holds(missing, 'read')).toBe(false)
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { titleLength, titleVerdict } from '@/lib/editorTitle'
+
+describe('titleVerdict', () => {
+	it.each([
+		['', 'empty'],
+		['ab', 'short'],
+		['abc', 'ok'],
+		['a'.repeat(200), 'ok'],
+		['a'.repeat(201), 'long'],
+		['   ', 'ok'],
+	])('judges %j as %s', (title, verdict) => {
+		expect(titleVerdict(title)).toBe(verdict)
+	})
+
+	it('counts code points, so 200 four-byte emoji are valid', () => {
+		const emoji = '😀'.repeat(200)
+
+		expect(titleLength(emoji)).toBe(200)
+		expect(titleVerdict(emoji)).toBe('ok')
+		expect(titleVerdict(`${emoji}😀`)).toBe('long')
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import type { ArticleCapability, CoverageEntry } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import { filterRows, versionRows } from '@/lib/editorVersions'
+
+function entry(
+	id: number,
+	lang: string,
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit'],
+	language_enabled = true,
+): CoverageEntry {
+	return { id, lang, title: lang, is_online: id === 10, language_enabled, capabilities }
+}
+
+const translations = [entry(10, 'en'), entry(13, 'ar', ['read']), entry(12, 'fr')]
+
+function rows(capabilities: ArticleCapability[], enabled = ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar']) {
+	return versionRows({ translations, currentId: 12, capabilities, enabledLanguages: enabled })
+}
+
+describe('versionRows', () => {
+	it('tolerates an entry without capabilities and tags it read only', () => {
+		const broken = { ...entry(13, 'ar'), capabilities: null } as unknown as CoverageEntry
+		const list = versionRows({
+			translations: [entry(12, 'fr'), broken],
+			currentId: 12,
+			capabilities: ['read'],
+			enabledLanguages: ['fr', 'ar'],
+		})
+
+		expect(list.find((row) => row.lang === 'ar')?.readOnly).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('follows translations[] order and marks the current row', () => {
+		const list = rows(['read', 'edit'])
+
+		expect(list.map((row) => [row.lang, row.current])).toEqual([
+			['en', false],
+			['ar', false],
+			['fr', true],
+		])
+	})
+
+	it('tags a version without edit as read only and keeps editable ones untagged', () => {
+		const list = rows(['read', 'edit'])
+
+		expect(list.find((row) => row.lang === 'ar')?.readOnly).toBe(true)
+		expect(list.find((row) => row.lang === 'en')?.readOnly).toBe(false)
+	})
+
+	it('offers missing enabled languages only with create_translation', () => {
+		expect(rows(['read', 'edit']).some((row) => row.addTranslation)).toBe(false)
+
+		const withAdd = rows(['read', 'edit', 'create_translation'])
+
+		expect(withAdd.filter((row) => row.addTranslation).map((row) => row.lang)).toEqual(['de'])
+	})
+
+	it('keeps a disabled language listed and marked', () => {
+		const list = versionRows({
+			translations: [entry(10, 'en'), entry(12, 'fr', ['read', 'edit'], false)],
+			currentId: 10,
+			capabilities: ['read'],
+			enabledLanguages: ['en'],
+		})
+
+		expect(list.find((row) => row.lang === 'fr')?.languageDisabled).toBe(true)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('filterRows', () => {
+	it('narrows by language name, ignoring case', () => {
+		const list = rows(['read'])
+
+		expect(filterRows(list, 'FRE').map((row) => row.lang)).toEqual(['fr'])
+		expect(filterRows(list, '')).toHaveLength(3)
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { clearStashedArticle, stashArticle, takeStashedArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+import type { Article } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+
+function article(id: number): Article {
+	return {
+		id,
+		title: 'T',
+		body: '',
+		is_online: false,
+		capabilities: ['read'],
+		created_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+		updated_at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z',
+	}
+}
+
+afterEach(clearStashedArticle)
+
+describe('The prefetched article slot', () => {
+	it('hands the stashed article to the matching id once', () => {
+		stashArticle(article(12))
+
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)?.id).toBe(12)
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('returns null and empties the slot for another id', () => {
+		stashArticle(article(12))
+
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(13)).toBeNull()
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('keeps only the latest stashed article', () => {
+		stashArticle(article(12))
+		stashArticle(article(13))
+
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('forgets the article once cleared', () => {
+		stashArticle(article(12))
+		clearStashedArticle()
+
+		expect(takeStashedArticle(12)).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import {
+	readStoredDraft,
+	removeStoredDraft,
+	removeStoredDraftsOf,
+	writeStoredDraft,
+	type StoredDraft,
+} from '@/lib/storedDraft'
+import { EMPTY_SEO } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
+
+const MIRRORED_AT = '2026-09-26T11:02:00.000Z'
+
+const full: StoredDraft = {
+	title: 'Titre',
+	body: '<p>Corps</p>',
+	meta: { site_id: 1, authors: [{ id: 2, name: 'Ines', slug: 'ines' }] },
+	seo: { ...EMPTY_SEO, slug: 'titre', noindex: true, cover_image_id: 4 },
+	mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT,
+}
+
+afterEach(() => sessionStorage.clear())
+
+describe('Stored drafts', () => {
+	it('round trips a full draft', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 12, full)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).toEqual(full)
+	})
+
+	it('round trips a draft that only holds the mirror time', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 12, { mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT })
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).toEqual({ mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT })
+	})
+
+	it('reads and writes nothing without a user', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(null, 12, full)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(null, 12)).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.length).toBe(0)
+	})
+
+	it('removes one draft only', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 12, full)
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 13, full)
+		removeStoredDraft(7, 12)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).toBeNull()
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 13)).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('keeps user 70 when removing the drafts of user 7', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 12, full)
+		writeStoredDraft(70, 12, full)
+		removeStoredDraftsOf(7)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).toBeNull()
+		expect(readStoredDraft(70, 12)).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('removes nothing without a user id', () => {
+		writeStoredDraft(7, 12, full)
+		removeStoredDraftsOf(undefined)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('Malformed stored drafts read as no draft', () => {
+	const key = 'renewcms:article-draft:7:12'
+
+	it.each([
+		['not JSON', '{oops'],
+		['null', 'null'],
+		['an array', '[]'],
+		['a string', '"draft"'],
+		['no mirror time', JSON.stringify({ title: 'T' })],
+		['an unparseable mirror time', JSON.stringify({ mirrored_at: 'yesterday' })],
+		['a numeric title', JSON.stringify({ title: 3, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT })],
+		['a numeric body', JSON.stringify({ body: 3, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT })],
+		[
+			'meta without authors',
+			JSON.stringify({ meta: { site_id: 1 }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+		[
+			'meta authors that are not an array',
+			JSON.stringify({ meta: { site_id: 1, authors: {} }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+		[
+			'an author without a name',
+			JSON.stringify({
+				meta: { site_id: 1, authors: [{ id: 1 }] },
+				mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT,
+			}),
+		],
+		[
+			'a string site id',
+			JSON.stringify({ meta: { site_id: 'a', authors: [] }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+		['seo that is a string', JSON.stringify({ seo: 'x', mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT })],
+		[
+			'a seo slug that is a number',
+			JSON.stringify({ seo: { slug: 4 }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+		[
+			'a seo noindex that is a string',
+			JSON.stringify({ seo: { noindex: 'yes' }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+		[
+			'a seo image id that is a string',
+			JSON.stringify({ seo: { cover_image_id: 'a' }, mirrored_at: MIRRORED_AT }),
+		],
+	])('returns null for %s', (_, raw) => {
+		sessionStorage.setItem(key, raw)
+
+		expect(readStoredDraft(7, 12)).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
@@ -1,6 +1,39 @@
+import type { ArticleSeo } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
+import type { SuggestionCode } from '@/lib/seoTypes'
+
 export interface Byline {
 	id: number
 	name: string
 	slug: string
 	avatar_id?: number | null
 }
+
+export type ArticleCapability = 'read' | 'edit' | 'publish' | 'delete' | 'create_translation'
+
+export interface CoverageEntry {
+	id: number
+	lang: string
+	title: string
+	is_online: boolean
+	language_enabled: boolean
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
+}
+
+export interface Article extends Partial<ArticleSeo> {
+	id: number
+	title: string
+	body: string
+	is_online: boolean
+	lang?: string
+	story_id?: number
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
+	translations?: CoverageEntry[]
+	site_id?: number
+	created_by?: number
+	authors?: Byline[]
+	created_at: string
+	updated_at: string
+	seo_status?: string
+	seo_dismissed?: SuggestionCode[]
+	seo_suggestions?: number
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import { holds } from '@/lib/editorCapabilities'
+
+export type SaveMood = 'clean' | 'dirty' | 'saving' | 'saved' | 'failed' | 'publishFailed'
+
+export type PrimaryKind =
+	| 'saveAndPublish'
+	| 'save'
+	| 'trySaveAgain'
+	| 'publish'
+	| 'retryPublish'
+	| 'saving'
+	| 'publishing'
+
+export interface PrimaryAction {
+	kind: PrimaryKind
+	disabled: boolean
+	busy: boolean
+}
+
+export type Notice = 'readOnly' | 'publishOnly' | 'editOnly'
+
+export interface ActionInput {
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
+	online: boolean
+	mood: SaveMood
+	titleInvalid: boolean
+	languageDisabled: boolean
+	publishing: boolean
+}
+
+export interface ActionPlan {
+	primary: PrimaryAction | null
+	saveButton: { disabled: boolean } | null
+	unpublish: boolean
+	notice: Notice | null
+	onlineNotice: boolean
+}
+
+function action(kind: PrimaryKind, disabled = false, busy = false): PrimaryAction {
+	return { kind, disabled, busy }
+}
+
+function primaryOf(input: ActionInput): PrimaryAction | null {
+	const canEdit = holds(input.capabilities, 'edit')
+	const canPublish = holds(input.capabilities, 'publish')
+	const unsaved = input.mood === 'dirty' || input.mood === 'failed'
+	const mayPublishNow = canPublish && !input.languageDisabled
+	if (input.mood === 'saving' && canEdit) {
+		return action('saving', true, true)
+	}
+	if (input.publishing && !input.online && canPublish) {
+		return action('publishing', true, true)
+	}
+	if (input.mood === 'publishFailed' && canPublish) {
+		return input.languageDisabled ? action('publish', true) : action('retryPublish')
+	}
+	if (canEdit && unsaved && mayPublishNow && !input.online && input.mood !== 'failed') {
+		return action('saveAndPublish', input.titleInvalid)
+	}
+	if (canEdit && unsaved) {
+		return action(input.mood === 'failed' ? 'trySaveAgain' : 'save', input.titleInvalid)
+	}
+	if (canPublish && !input.online) {
+		return action('publish', input.languageDisabled)
+	}
+	return null
+}
+
+function isSavePrimary(primary: PrimaryAction | null) {
+	return (
+		primary !== null &&
+		(primary.kind === 'saving' ||
+			primary.kind === 'publishing' ||
+			primary.kind === 'save' ||
+			primary.kind === 'trySaveAgain')
+	)
+}
+
+function noticeOf(capabilities: ArticleCapability[], online: boolean): Notice | null {
+	const canEdit = holds(capabilities, 'edit')
+	const canPublish = holds(capabilities, 'publish')
+	if (!canEdit) {
+		return canPublish ? 'publishOnly' : 'readOnly'
+	}
+	return canPublish || online ? null : 'editOnly'
+}
+
+export function planActions(input: ActionInput): ActionPlan {
+	const canEdit = holds(input.capabilities, 'edit')
+	const canPublish = holds(input.capabilities, 'publish')
+	const unsaved = input.mood === 'dirty' || input.mood === 'failed'
+	const primary = primaryOf(input)
+	return {
+		primary,
+		saveButton: canEdit && !isSavePrimary(primary) ? { disabled: !unsaved } : null,
+		unpublish: canPublish && input.online && input.mood !== 'saving',
+		notice: noticeOf(input.capabilities, input.online),
+		onlineNotice: canEdit && input.online,
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+
+export function holds(
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[] | null | undefined,
+	needed: ArticleCapability,
+) {
+	return capabilities?.includes(needed) ?? false
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+import type { PrimaryKind } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+
+export function primaryLabel(kind: PrimaryKind, language: string | null) {
+	const labels: Record<PrimaryKind, () => string> = {
+		saveAndPublish: () =>
+			language ? t('Save and publish {0}', [language]) : t('Save and publish'),
+		save: () => t('Save'),
+		trySaveAgain: () => t('Try saving again'),
+		publish: () => (language ? t('Publish {0}', [language]) : t('Publish')),
+		retryPublish: () => t('Retry publish'),
+		saving: () => t('Saving…'),
+		publishing: () => t('Publishing…'),
+	}
+	return labels[kind]()
+}
+
+export function unpublishLabel(language: string | null) {
+	return language ? t('Unpublish {0}', [language]) : t('Unpublish')
+}
+
+export function titleLabel(language: string | null) {
+	return language ? t('Title ({0})', [language]) : t('Title')
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+import type { Notice } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+
+export interface EditorNotice {
+	key: string
+	tone: 'info' | 'error' | 'warning' | 'neutral'
+	icon: string
+	title: string
+	description?: string
+	action?: 'retryPublish'
+}
+
+export interface NoticeInput {
+	language: string | null
+	restoredAt: Date | null
+	saveFailed: boolean
+	publishFailed: boolean
+	languageDisabled: boolean
+	accessNotice: Notice | null
+	onlineNotice: boolean
+}
+
+function clockOf(date: Date) {
+	const hours = date.getHours().toString().padStart(2, '0')
+	const minutes = date.getMinutes().toString().padStart(2, '0')
+	return `${hours}:${minutes}`
+}
+
+function restoredNotice(input: NoticeInput, restoredAt: Date): EditorNotice {
+	return {
+		key: 'restored',
+		tone: 'info',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-info',
+		title: t('Restored unsaved changes from {0}', [clockOf(restoredAt)]),
+		description: input.language
+			? t('You logged in again. Your {0} title and body were kept in this browser.', [
+					input.language,
+				])
+			: t('You logged in again. Your title and body were kept in this browser.'),
+	}
+}
+
+function saveFailedNotice(input: NoticeInput): EditorNotice {
+	return {
+		key: 'saveFailed',
+		tone: 'error',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-circle-x',
+		title: input.language ? t("Couldn't save {0}", [input.language]) : t("Couldn't save"),
+		description: t('Your changes are kept here. Nothing was published. Try saving again.'),
+	}
+}
+
+function publishFailedNotice(): EditorNotice {
+	return {
+		key: 'publishFailed',
+		tone: 'error',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-circle-x',
+		title: t('Saved as a draft. Publishing failed. Try publishing again.'),
+		description: t('Your edits are saved. Only the publishing step failed.'),
+		action: 'retryPublish',
+	}
+}
+
+function languageDisabledNotice(language: string): EditorNotice {
+	return {
+		key: 'languageDisabled',
+		tone: 'warning',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-triangle-alert',
+		title: t('{0} is disabled on this site. Re-enable it to publish.', [language]),
+		description: t('You can still edit and save this version. Ask an owner to re-enable {0}.', [
+			language,
+		]),
+	}
+}
+
+function accessNoticeOf(notice: Notice): EditorNotice {
+	const notices: Record<Notice, () => EditorNotice> = {
+		readOnly: () => ({
+			key: 'readOnly',
+			tone: 'neutral',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-lock',
+			title: t("You can read this version. You can't edit it."),
+			description: t('The source reference and the versions you can read stay available.'),
+		}),
+		publishOnly: () => ({
+			key: 'publishOnly',
+			tone: 'neutral',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-lock',
+			title: t('You can publish this version but not edit it'),
+			description: t('Fields are read-only. Publish stays available.'),
+		}),
+		editOnly: () => ({
+			key: 'editOnly',
+			tone: 'neutral',
+			icon: 'i-lucide-info',
+			title: t('Publishing needs the publish permission'),
+			description: t('Saving keeps it as a draft.'),
+		}),
+	}
+	return notices[notice]()
+}
+
+function onlineNotice(): EditorNotice {
+	return {
+		key: 'online',
+		tone: 'neutral',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-info',
+		title: t('This version is online. Saving updates the live page right away.'),
+	}
+}
+
+export function editorNotices(input: NoticeInput): EditorNotice[] {
+	const notices: EditorNotice[] = []
+	if (input.restoredAt) {
+		notices.push(restoredNotice(input, input.restoredAt))
+	}
+	if (input.saveFailed) {
+		notices.push(saveFailedNotice(input))
+	}
+	if (input.publishFailed) {
+		notices.push(publishFailedNotice())
+	}
+	if (input.languageDisabled && input.language) {
+		notices.push(languageDisabledNotice(input.language))
+	}
+	if (input.accessNotice) {
+		notices.push(accessNoticeOf(input.accessNotice))
+	}
+	if (input.onlineNotice) {
+		notices.push(onlineNotice())
+	}
+	return notices
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+import type { ArticleCapability, CoverageEntry } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import { holds } from '@/lib/editorCapabilities'
+import { unpublishLabel } from '@/lib/editorLabels'
+
+export interface OverflowItem {
+	key: 'unpublish' | 'editSlug' | 'move' | 'deleteVersion' | 'deleteArticle'
+	label: string
+	icon: string
+	danger: boolean
+	disabled: boolean
+	reason: string
+	onSelect: () => void
+}
+
+export interface OverflowContext {
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
+	siblings: CoverageEntry[]
+	language: string | null
+	unpublishInMenu: boolean
+	handlers: Partial<Record<OverflowItem['key'], () => void>>
+}
+
+function ignore() {
+	return undefined
+}
+
+function unavailable(key: OverflowItem['key'], context: OverflowContext): Partial<OverflowItem> {
+	return context.handlers[key] ? {} : { disabled: true, reason: t('Not available yet.') }
+}
+
+function item(
+	key: OverflowItem['key'],
+	label: string,
+	icon: string,
+	context: OverflowContext,
+	extra: Partial<OverflowItem> = {},
+): OverflowItem {
+	return {
+		key,
+		label,
+		icon,
+		danger: false,
+		disabled: false,
+		reason: '',
+		onSelect: context.handlers[key] ?? ignore,
+		...unavailable(key, context),
+		...extra,
+	}
+}
+
+function deleteVersionLabel(language: string | null) {
+	return language ? t('Delete {0} version', [language]) : t('Delete article')
+}
+
+function blocksWholeArticle(context: OverflowContext) {
+	return context.siblings.some((sibling) => !holds(sibling.capabilities, 'delete'))
+}
+
+function blockedExtra(blocked: boolean): Partial<OverflowItem> {
+	return blocked ? { disabled: true, reason: t("You can't delete this article.") } : {}
+}
+
+function editItems(context: OverflowContext): OverflowItem[] {
+	const blocked = blocksWholeArticle(context)
+	return [
+		item('editSlug', t('Edit slug'), 'i-lucide-link', context),
+		item(
+			'move',
+			t('Move article'),
+			'i-lucide-arrow-right-left',
+			context,
+			blockedExtra(blocked),
+		),
+	]
+}
+
+function deleteItems(context: OverflowContext): OverflowItem[] {
+	const versionItem = item(
+		'deleteVersion',
+		deleteVersionLabel(context.language),
+		'i-lucide-trash-2',
+		context,
+		{ danger: true },
+	)
+	if (!context.language) {
+		return [versionItem]
+	}
+	const blocked = blocksWholeArticle(context)
+	return [
+		versionItem,
+		item('deleteArticle', t('Delete article'), 'i-lucide-trash-2', context, {
+			danger: !blocked,
+			...blockedExtra(blocked),
+		}),
+	]
+}
+
+export function overflowItems(context: OverflowContext): OverflowItem[] {
+	const items: OverflowItem[] = []
+	if (context.unpublishInMenu) {
+		items.push(item('unpublish', unpublishLabel(context.language), 'i-lucide-eye-off', context))
+	}
+	if (holds(context.capabilities, 'edit')) {
+		items.push(...editItems(context))
+	}
+	if (holds(context.capabilities, 'delete')) {
+		items.push(...deleteItems(context))
+	}
+	return items
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+export const TITLE_MIN = 3
+export const TITLE_MAX = 200
+export const TITLE_SERVER_MESSAGE = 'Article title must be between 3 and 200 characters.'
+
+export type TitleVerdict = 'ok' | 'empty' | 'short' | 'long'
+
+export function titleLength(title: string) {
+	return Array.from(title).length
+}
+
+export function titleVerdict(title: string): TitleVerdict {
+	const length = titleLength(title)
+	if (length === 0) {
+		return 'empty'
+	}
+	if (length < TITLE_MIN) {
+		return 'short'
+	}
+	return length > TITLE_MAX ? 'long' : 'ok'
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { locale } from '@/i18n'
+import type { ArticleCapability, CoverageEntry } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import { holds } from '@/lib/editorCapabilities'
+import { languageName } from '@/lib/siteLanguages'
+
+export const MENU_FILTER_THRESHOLD = 8
+
+export interface VersionRow {
+	key: string
+	lang: string
+	name: string
+	code: string
+	articleId: number | null
+	title: string
+	current: boolean
+	online: boolean
+	readOnly: boolean
+	languageDisabled: boolean
+	addTranslation: boolean
+}
+
+export interface VersionContext {
+	translations: CoverageEntry[]
+	currentId: number
+	capabilities: ArticleCapability[]
+	enabledLanguages: string[]
+}
+
+function versionRow(entry: CoverageEntry, currentId: number): VersionRow {
+	const current = entry.id === currentId
+	return {
+		key: `version-${entry.id}`,
+		lang: entry.lang,
+		name: languageName(entry.lang, locale.value),
+		code: entry.lang.toUpperCase(),
+		articleId: entry.id,
+		title: entry.title,
+		current,
+		online: entry.is_online,
+		readOnly:
+			!current && !holds(entry.capabilities, 'edit') && !holds(entry.capabilities, 'publish'),
+		languageDisabled: !entry.language_enabled,
+		addTranslation: false,
+	}
+}
+
+function missingRow(lang: string): VersionRow {
+	return {
+		key: `missing-${lang}`,
+		lang,
+		name: languageName(lang, locale.value),
+		code: lang.toUpperCase(),
+		articleId: null,
+		title: '',
+		current: false,
+		online: false,
+		readOnly: false,
+		languageDisabled: false,
+		addTranslation: true,
+	}
+}
+
+export function versionRows(context: VersionContext): VersionRow[] {
+	const rows = context.translations.map((entry) => versionRow(entry, context.currentId))
+	if (!holds(context.capabilities, 'create_translation')) {
+		return rows
+	}
+	const present = new Set(context.translations.map((entry) => entry.lang))
+	const missing = context.enabledLanguages.filter((lang) => !present.has(lang))
+	return [...rows, ...missing.map(missingRow)]
+}
+
+export function filterRows(rows: VersionRow[], query: string) {
+	const needle = query.trim().toLocaleLowerCase()
+	if (!needle) {
+		return rows
+	}
+	return rows.filter((row) => row.name.toLocaleLowerCase().includes(needle))
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { t } from '@/i18n'
+
+export function joinNames(names: string[]) {
+	const last = names[names.length - 1]
+	if (last === undefined || names.length === 1) {
+		return last ?? ''
+	}
+	return `${names.slice(0, -1).join(', ')}${t(' and ')}${last}`
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { Article } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+
+let stashed: Article | null = null
+
+export function stashArticle(article: Article) {
+	stashed = article
+}
+
+export function takeStashedArticle(id: number): Article | null {
+	const found = stashed?.id === id ? stashed : null
+	stashed = null
+	return found
+}
+
+export function clearStashedArticle() {
+	stashed = null
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+import type { Byline } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
+import { SEO_KEYS, type ArticleSeo, type SeoKey } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
+
+export interface StoredDraft {
+	title?: string
+	body?: string
+	meta?: { site_id: number | null; authors: Byline[] }
+	seo?: ArticleSeo
+	mirrored_at: string
+}
+
+const DRAFT_PREFIX = 'renewcms:article-draft:'
+
+const NULLABLE_NUMBER_KEYS: SeoKey[] = ['cover_image_id', 'social_image_id']
+const BOOLEAN_KEYS: SeoKey[] = ['noindex']
+
+type UnknownRecord = Record<string, unknown>
+
+function isRecord(value: unknown): value is UnknownRecord {
+	return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value)
+}
+
+function isOptionalString(value: unknown) {
+	return value === undefined || typeof value === 'string'
+}
+
+function isNullableNumber(value: unknown) {
+	return value === null || typeof value === 'number'
+}
+
+function isByline(value: unknown) {
+	return (
+		isRecord(value) &&
+		typeof value.id === 'number' &&
+		typeof value.name === 'string' &&
+		typeof value.slug === 'string'
+	)
+}
+
+function isMeta(value: unknown) {
+	return (
+		value === undefined ||
+		(isRecord(value) &&
+			isNullableNumber(value.site_id) &&
+			Array.isArray(value.authors) &&
+			value.authors.every(isByline))
+	)
+}
+
+function isSeoValue(key: SeoKey, value: unknown) {
+	if (NULLABLE_NUMBER_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+		return isNullableNumber(value)
+	}
+	return BOOLEAN_KEYS.includes(key) ? typeof value === 'boolean' : typeof value === 'string'
+}
+
+function isSeo(value: unknown) {
+	return (
+		value === undefined ||
+		(isRecord(value) &&
+			SEO_KEYS.every((key) => value[key] === undefined || isSeoValue(key, value[key])))
+	)
+}
+
+function isMirrorTime(value: unknown) {
+	return typeof value === 'string' && !Number.isNaN(new Date(value).getTime())
+}
+
+function isStoredDraft(value: unknown): value is StoredDraft {
+	return (
+		isRecord(value) &&
+		isOptionalString(value.title) &&
+		isOptionalString(value.body) &&
+		isMeta(value.meta) &&
+		isSeo(value.seo) &&
+		isMirrorTime(value.mirrored_at)
+	)
+}
+
+function keyOf(userId: number, articleId: number) {
+	return `${DRAFT_PREFIX}${userId}:${articleId}`
+}
+
+export function readStoredDraft(userId: number | null, articleId: number): StoredDraft | null {
+	if (userId === null) {
+		return null
+	}
+	try {
+		const raw = sessionStorage.getItem(keyOf(userId, articleId))
+		const parsed: unknown = raw === null ? null : JSON.parse(raw)
+		return isStoredDraft(parsed) ? parsed : null
+	} catch {
+		return null
+	}
+}
+
+export function writeStoredDraft(userId: number | null, articleId: number, draft: StoredDraft) {
+	if (userId === null) {
+		return
+	}
+	try {
+		sessionStorage.setItem(keyOf(userId, articleId), JSON.stringify(draft))
+	} catch {
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+export function removeStoredDraft(userId: number | null, articleId: number) {
+	if (userId === null) {
+		return
+	}
+	try {
+		sessionStorage.removeItem(keyOf(userId, articleId))
+	} catch {
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+export function removeStoredDraftsOf(userId: number | undefined) {
+	if (userId === undefined) {
+		return
+	}
+	try {
+		const prefix = `${DRAFT_PREFIX}${userId}:`
+		const owned = Object.keys(sessionStorage).filter((key) => key.startsWith(prefix))
+		owned.forEach((key) => sessionStorage.removeItem(key))
+	} catch {
+		return
+	}
+}
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 import { locale, t } from '@/i18n'
-import type {
-	ArticleCapability,
-	CoverageEntry,
-	StoryCounts,
-	StoryItem,
-} from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import type { StoryCounts, StoryItem } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import type { ArticleCapability, CoverageEntry } from '@/lib/articleTypes'
 import type { ArticleListQuery, ArticleStatus } from '@/lib/articleListQuery'
 import { authorsSummary } from '@/lib/articleMeta'
 import { formatAbsoluteDate, formatRelativeDate } from '@/lib/relativeDate'
@@ -13,9 +13,16 @@ import MetaSection from '@/components/MetaSection.vue'
 import SearchSharingSection from '@/components/SearchSharingSection.vue'
 import SeoPanel from '@/components/SeoPanel.vue'
 import ApiPreviewDialog from '@/components/ApiPreviewDialog.vue'
+import EditorActions from '@/components/EditorActions.vue'
 import EditorHeader from '@/components/EditorHeader.vue'
+import EditorLanguageMenu from '@/components/EditorLanguageMenu.vue'
 import EditorMobileBar from '@/components/EditorMobileBar.vue'
+import EditorNotices from '@/components/EditorNotices.vue'
 import EditorSkeleton from '@/components/EditorSkeleton.vue'
+import EditorTitleField from '@/components/EditorTitleField.vue'
+import EditorVersionGone from '@/components/EditorVersionGone.vue'
+import LocaleBadge from '@/components/localization/LocaleBadge.vue'
+import SaveStatus from '@/components/SaveStatus.vue'
 import { neutralizeUnsafeLinks } from '@/lib/articleLinkUrl'
 import EditorStatusBar from '@/components/EditorStatusBar.vue'
 import ImageUploader from '@/components/ImageUploader.vue'
@@ -24,13 +31,14 @@ import { ApiError, useApi } from '@/composables/useApi'
 import type { Article } from '@/composables/useArticles'
 import { useArticleDraft, type SaveOutcome } from '@/composables/useArticleDraft'
 import { useArticleLifecycle } from '@/composables/useArticleLifecycle'
-import { useContentAccess } from '@/composables/useContentAccess'
+import { useEditorPublishing } from '@/composables/useEditorPublishing'
+import { useEditorVersions } from '@/composables/useEditorVersions'
+import { useVersionSwitch } from '@/composables/useVersionSwitch'
 import { useEditorFocus } from '@/composables/useEditorFocus'
 import { useEditorImages } from '@/composables/useEditorImages'
 import { useEditorSeoPanel } from '@/composables/useEditorSeoPanel'
 import { useSeoDismissals } from '@/composables/useSeoDismissals'
 import { useUnsavedChangesGuard } from '@/composables/useUnsavedChangesGuard'
-import { ARTICLE_TYPE_KEY } from '@/lib/routeAccess'
 import { useDirectoryToasts } from '@/composables/useDirectoryToasts'
 import { useSites, type Site } from '@/composables/useSites'
 import { toBylines } from '@/lib/articleMeta'
@@ -40,6 +48,15 @@ import { SEO_LIMITS, seoOf } from '@/lib/articleSeo'
 import { hostOf, slugify } from '@/lib/directory'
 import { bodyCounts } from '@/lib/bodyCounts'
 import { useCanManageVariants } from '@/composables/useCanManageVariants'
+import { planActions, type SaveMood } from '@/lib/editorActions'
+import { holds } from '@/lib/editorCapabilities'
+import { titleLabel } from '@/lib/editorLabels'
+import { editorNotices } from '@/lib/editorNotices'
+import { overflowItems } from '@/lib/editorOverflow'
+import { titleVerdict } from '@/lib/editorTitle'
+import { takeStashedArticle } from '@/lib/prefetchedArticle'
+import { useSessionStore } from '@/stores/session'
+import { useIsDesktop } from '@/composables/useIsDesktop'
 import { bodyHasVariantImage } from '@/lib/variants/blockVariant'
 import { useVariantCatalogStore } from '@/stores/variantCatalog'

@@ -68,9 +85,10 @@ const {
 } = useEditorImages(() => draft.body.value)

 const articleId = Number(route.params.id)
-const draft = useArticleDraft(articleId)
+const draft = useArticleDraft(articleId, useSessionStore().session?.id ?? null)
 const variantCatalog = useVariantCatalogStore()
 const canManageVariants = useCanManageVariants()
+const wideScreen = useIsDesktop('80rem')

 usePageTitleOverride(() => article.value?.title)

@@ -85,9 +103,13 @@ const sites = ref<Site[]>([])
 const remembered = ref<boolean | null>(readMetaSectionOpen())
 const seoRemembered = ref<boolean | null>(readSeoSectionOpen())
 const apiPreviewOpen = ref(false)
+const leaving = ref(false)
+const titleField = ref<{ focus: () => void } | null>(null)
+const titleSaveFailed = ref(false)
 let skeletonTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null

 function markNotFound() {
+	draft.discardStored()
 	loadState.value = 'notFound'
 }

@@ -168,9 +190,16 @@ const address = computed(

 function editBody(newBody: string) {
 	draft.edit(newBody)
+	publishing.clearPublishFailure()
 	check.schedule()
 }

+function editTitle(next: string) {
+	titleSaveFailed.value = false
+	draft.editTitle(next)
+	publishing.clearPublishFailure()
+}
+
 async function loadArticle() {
 	loadState.value = 'loading'
 	showSkeleton.value = false
@@ -180,13 +209,17 @@ async function loadArticle() {
 	}, SKELETON_DELAY_MS)

 	try {
+		const stashed = takeStashedArticle(articleId)
 		const [result, siteList] = await Promise.all([
-			request<Article>(`/v1/article/${articleId}?format=html`),
+			stashed ?? request<Article>(`/v1/article/${articleId}?format=html`),
 			fetchSites(),
 		])
 		article.value = result
 		dismissedCodes.value = result.seo_dismissed ?? []
 		sites.value = siteList
+		if (!holds(result.capabilities, 'edit')) {
+			draft.discardStored()
+		}
 		draft.load(
 			result.body,
 			new Date(result.updated_at),
@@ -195,7 +228,9 @@ async function loadArticle() {
 				authors: toBylines(result.authors ?? []),
 			},
 			seoOf(result),
+			result.title,
 		)
+		await versions.loadLanguages()
 		loadState.value = 'loaded'
 		check.runNow()
 		if (canManageVariants.value && bodyHasVariantImage(result.body)) {
@@ -215,43 +250,106 @@ async function loadArticle() {

 const counts = computed(() => bodyCounts(draft.body.value))
 const previewBody = computed(() => neutralizeUnsafeLinks(draft.body.value))
-const countText = computed(() =>
-	t('{0} words · {1} characters', [
-		counts.value.words.toLocaleString('en-US'),
-		counts.value.characters.toLocaleString('en-US'),
-	]),
+
+const capabilities = computed(() => article.value?.capabilities ?? [])
+const canEdit = computed(() => holds(capabilities.value, 'edit'))
+const versions = useEditorVersions(article, sites, capabilities)
+
+const offline = computed(() => draft.state.value === 'offline')
+const unsavedChanges = computed(
+	() => draft.businessState.value === 'dirty' || draft.businessState.value === 'error',
 )
-const overflowItems = computed(() => [
-	[
-		{
-			icon: 'i-lucide-trash-2',
-			color: 'error' as const,
-			label: t('Delete article'),
-			onSelect: () => {
-				handleDelete()
-			},
+const verdict = computed(() => titleVerdict(draft.title.value))
+const titleInvalid = computed(() => verdict.value !== 'ok' || draft.titleServerError.value !== '')
+
+const mood = computed<SaveMood>(() => {
+	if (publishing.publishFailed.value && !unsavedChanges.value) {
+		return 'publishFailed'
+	}
+	const moods: Record<string, SaveMood> = {
+		clean: 'clean',
+		dirty: 'dirty',
+		saving: 'saving',
+		saved: 'saved',
+		error: 'failed',
+	}
+	return moods[draft.businessState.value] ?? 'clean'
+})
+
+const plan = computed(() =>
+	planActions({
+		capabilities: capabilities.value,
+		online: article.value?.is_online ?? false,
+		mood: mood.value,
+		titleInvalid: titleInvalid.value,
+		languageDisabled: versions.languageDisabled.value || publishing.languageBlocked.value,
+		publishing: publishing.publishing.value || publishPending.value !== undefined,
+	}),
+)
+
+const draftHint = computed(() =>
+	plan.value.notice === 'editOnly' && mood.value !== 'clean' && mood.value !== 'saved'
+		? t('Saving keeps it as a draft.')
+		: '',
+)
+
+const notices = computed(() =>
+	editorNotices({
+		language: versions.sentenceName.value,
+		restoredAt: draft.restoredAt.value,
+		saveFailed: mood.value === 'failed' && !titleSaveFailed.value,
+		publishFailed: mood.value === 'publishFailed',
+		languageDisabled: versions.languageDisabled.value || publishing.languageBlocked.value,
+		accessNotice: draftHint.value ? null : plan.value.notice,
+		onlineNotice: plan.value.onlineNotice,
+	}),
+)
+
+const overflow = computed(() =>
+	overflowItems({
+		capabilities: capabilities.value,
+		siblings: versions.siblings.value,
+		language: versions.sentenceName.value,
+		unpublishInMenu: plan.value.unpublish && !wideScreen.value,
+		handlers: {
+			unpublish: handleUnpublish,
+			deleteVersion: handleDelete,
 		},
-	],
-])
-
-const contentAccess = useContentAccess(ARTICLE_TYPE_KEY, 'articles')
-const articleAccess = computed(() => contentAccess.rowAccess(article.value?.created_by))
-const canPublish = computed(() => contentAccess.canPublish(article.value?.created_by))
-const saveEnabled = computed(
-	() =>
-		draft.state.value === 'dirty' &&
-		loadState.value === 'loaded' &&
-		articleAccess.value.canEdit,
+	}),
 )

-const publishDisabled = computed(() => draft.state.value === 'offline')
+function announceSaved() {
+	const names = versions.siblingNames.value
+	toast.add(() => ({
+		color: 'success',
+		icon: 'i-lucide-circle-check',
+		get title() {
+			return t('{0} saved', [versions.sentenceName.value ?? ''])
+		},
+		get description() {
+			if (names.length === 0) {
+				return undefined
+			}
+			return names.length === 1
+				? t("{0} wasn't changed.", [names[0]])
+				: t("Other versions weren't changed.")
+		},
+	}))
+}

-async function runSave(): Promise<SaveOutcome> {
+async function runSave(options: { announce: boolean } = { announce: true }): Promise<SaveOutcome> {
+	const hadTitleEdit = draft.title.value !== article.value?.title
 	const outcome = await draft.save()
 	if (outcome === 'saved') {
+		titleSaveFailed.value = false
+		syncSavedTitle()
 		check.invalidate()
 		check.runFresh()
+		if (versions.multilingual.value && options.announce) {
+			announceSaved()
+		}
 	}
+	titleSaveFailed.value = outcome === 'error' && hadTitleEdit
 	revealSaveFailure(outcome)
 	if (outcome === 'site-gone') {
 		directoryToasts.siteGone()
@@ -272,24 +370,40 @@ async function runSave(): Promise<SaveOutcome> {
 	return outcome
 }

+function syncSavedTitle() {
+	const current = article.value
+	if (!current) {
+		return
+	}
+	article.value = { ...current, title: draft.title.value }
+	versions.markTitle(current.id, draft.title.value)
+}
+
 async function performSave() {
-	if (!saveEnabled.value || !article.value) {
+	if (!article.value || !canEdit.value || !unsavedChanges.value) {
+		return
+	}
+	if (titleInvalid.value || offline.value) {
 		return
 	}
 	await runSave()
 }

-function retrySave() {
-	if (!article.value) {
-		return
-	}
-	runSave()
+async function retryTitle() {
+	await performSave()
+	titleField.value?.focus()
 }

 function goBack() {
 	router.push('/article')
 }

+function updateArticle(updated: Article) {
+	const current = article.value
+	article.value = { ...current, ...updated, translations: current?.translations }
+	versions.markOnline(updated.id, updated.is_online)
+}
+
 function setOnline(makeOnline: boolean) {
 	const current = article.value
 	if (!current) {
@@ -312,12 +426,55 @@ function setOnline(makeOnline: boolean) {
 	})
 }

+const publishing = useEditorPublishing({
+	articleId,
+	language: () => versions.sentenceName.value ?? '',
+	siblingNames: () => versions.siblingNames.value,
+	onlineSiblingNames: () => versions.onlineSiblingNames.value,
+	hasUnsavedChanges: () => unsavedChanges.value,
+	save: () => runSave({ announce: false }),
+	onUpdated: updateArticle,
+	onGone: markNotFound,
+})
+
+const { choose: chooseVersion, loadingVisible: switching } = useVersionSwitch({
+	currentName: () => versions.displayName.value,
+	hasUnsavedChanges: () => unsavedChanges.value,
+	save: () => runSave({ announce: false }),
+	discard: () => draft.discardStored(),
+	allowLeave: () => {
+		leaving.value = true
+	},
+	cancelLeave: () => {
+		leaving.value = false
+	},
+})
+
 function handlePublish() {
-	setOnline(true)
+	return versions.multilingual.value ? publishing.publish() : setOnline(true)
 }

 function handleUnpublish() {
-	setOnline(false)
+	return versions.multilingual.value ? publishing.unpublish() : setOnline(false)
+}
+
+function handleSaveAndPublish() {
+	return versions.multilingual.value ? publishing.saveAndPublish() : setOnline(true)
+}
+
+function handlePrimary() {
+	const kind = plan.value.primary?.kind
+	const actions = {
+		save: performSave,
+		trySaveAgain: performSave,
+		saveAndPublish: handleSaveAndPublish,
+		publish: handlePublish,
+		retryPublish: publishing.retryPublish,
+	}
+	if (kind && kind in actions) {
+		return actions[kind as keyof typeof actions]()
+	}
+	return undefined
 }

 async function handleDelete() {
@@ -349,8 +506,9 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
 })

 useUnsavedChangesGuard({
-	isDirty: () => draft.state.value === 'dirty',
+	isDirty: () => unsavedChanges.value && !leaving.value,
 	title: () => article.value?.title ?? '',
+	onDiscard: draft.discardStored,
 })
 </script>

@@ -361,18 +519,6 @@ useUnsavedChangesGuard({
 		:back-label="t('Back to Articles')"
 		full-bleed
 	>
-		<template v-if="loadState === 'loaded'" #navbar-right>
-			<UDropdownMenu :items="overflowItems">
-				<UButton
-					icon="i-lucide-ellipsis"
-					color="neutral"
-					variant="ghost"
-					class="size-11 justify-center lg:hidden"
-					:ui="{ leadingIcon: 'size-5' }"
-					:aria-label="t('More actions')"
-				/>
-			</UDropdownMenu>
-		</template>
 		<template v-if="loadState === 'loaded'" #breadcrumb>
 			<UBreadcrumb
 				:items="[
@@ -390,7 +536,12 @@ useUnsavedChangesGuard({
 		</template>

 		<DefineDetailsPanel>
-			<ArticleDetails v-if="article" :article="article" v-model:open="detailsOpen">
+			<ArticleDetails
+				v-if="article"
+				:article="article"
+				:multilingual="versions.multilingual.value"
+				v-model:open="detailsOpen"
+			>
 				<template #meta="{ sheet }">
 					<MetaSection
 						:sites="sites"
@@ -421,40 +572,83 @@ useUnsavedChangesGuard({
 			</ArticleDetails>
 		</DefineDetailsPanel>

-		<ErrorView v-if="loadState === 'notFound'" kind="article-not-found" />
+		<EditorVersionGone v-if="loadState === 'notFound'" @back="goBack" />
 		<ErrorView v-else-if="loadState === 'error'" kind="error" @retry="loadArticle" />

 		<EditorSkeleton v-else-if="loadState === 'loading' && showSkeleton" @back="goBack" />

 		<div v-else-if="loadState === 'loaded' && article" class="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col">
-			<EditorHeader
-				v-model:preview="previewOn"
-				:article="article"
-				:state="draft.state.value"
-				:saved-at="draft.savedAt.value"
-				:count-text="countText"
-				:save-enabled="saveEnabled"
-				:publish-pending="publishPending"
-				:publish-disabled="publishDisabled"
-				:can-publish="canPublish"
-				:can-delete="articleAccess.canDelete"
-				:delete-reason="articleAccess.deleteReason"
-				@back="goBack"
-				@retry="retrySave"
-				@save="performSave"
-				@publish="handlePublish"
-				@unpublish="handleUnpublish"
-				@delete="handleDelete"
-			/>
+			<EditorHeader @back="goBack">
+				<template #title>
+					<EditorTitleField
+						ref="titleField"
+						:model-value="draft.title.value"
+						:label="titleLabel(versions.sentenceName.value)"
+						:lang="article.lang"
+						:readonly="!canEdit"
+						:changed="draft.title.value !== article.title"
+						:saving="draft.savingTitle.value"
+						:failed="titleSaveFailed"
+						:server-error="draft.titleServerError.value"
+						@update:model-value="editTitle"
+						@retry="retryTitle"
+					/>
+				</template>
+				<template #meta>
+					<EditorLanguageMenu
+						v-if="versions.multilingual.value"
+						:rows="versions.rows.value"
+						:name="versions.displayName.value"
+						:code="versions.tag.value.toUpperCase()"
+						@choose="chooseVersion"
+					/>
+					<LocaleBadge
+						:tone="article.is_online ? 'success' : 'neutral'"
+						:icon="article.is_online ? 'i-lucide-circle-check' : 'i-lucide-pencil'"
+					>
+						{{ article.is_online ? t('Published') : t('Draft') }}
+					</LocaleBadge>
+					<SaveStatus
+						v-if="canEdit"
+						:state="draft.state.value"
+						:saved-at="draft.savedAt.value"
+						:retryable="false"
+					/>
+					<span v-if="draftHint" class="text-xs text-muted max-lg:hidden">{{
+						draftHint
+					}}</span>
+					<LocaleBadge v-if="!canEdit" tone="neutral" icon="i-lucide-lock">
+						{{ t('Read only') }}
+					</LocaleBadge>
+				</template>
+				<template #actions>
+					<EditorActions
+						v-model:preview="previewOn"
+						:plan="plan"
+						:language="versions.sentenceName.value"
+						:offline="offline"
+						:unpublish-visible="wideScreen"
+						:overflow="overflow"
+						:previewable="true"
+						@save="performSave"
+						@primary="handlePrimary"
+						@unpublish="handleUnpublish"
+					/>
+				</template>
+			</EditorHeader>

-			<div v-if="previewOn" class="flex min-h-0 flex-1">
+			<EditorNotices :notices="notices" @retry-publish="publishing.retryPublish" />
+
+			<EditorSkeleton v-if="switching" headerless />
+
+			<div v-else-if="previewOn" class="flex min-h-0 flex-1">
 				<div
 					class="min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-y-auto bg-muted px-12 py-10"
 					data-testid="article-preview"
 				>
 					<div class="article-content mx-auto">
 						<h2 class="text-2xl font-semibold text-highlighted">
-							{{ article.title }}
+							{{ draft.title.value }}
 						</h2>
 						<div v-html="previewBody" />
 					</div>
@@ -471,12 +665,15 @@ useUnsavedChangesGuard({
 					class="h-full"
 					:model-value="draft.body.value"
 					:article-id="articleId"
+					:readonly="!canEdit"
+					:label="t('Body')"
 					@update:model-value="editBody"
 					@request-image="onRequestImage"
 					@request-remove-image="onRequestRemoveImage"
 				>
 					<template #footer>
 						<EditorStatusBar
+							v-if="canEdit"
 							class="max-lg:hidden"
 							:words="counts.words"
 							:characters="counts.characters"
@@ -534,15 +731,14 @@ useUnsavedChangesGuard({
 			/>

 			<EditorMobileBar
-				:online="article.is_online"
-				:state="draft.state.value"
-				:save-enabled="saveEnabled"
-				:publish-pending="publishPending"
-				:publish-disabled="publishDisabled"
-				:can-publish="canPublish"
+				:hint="draftHint"
+				:plan="plan"
+				:language="versions.sentenceName.value"
+				:offline="offline"
+				:overflow="overflow"
 				@details="detailsOpen = true"
 				@save="performSave"
-				@publish="handlePublish"
+				@primary="handlePrimary"
 				@unpublish="handleUnpublish"
 			/>
 		</div>
@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import { MOBILE_WIDTH } from '@/components/__tests__/viewport'
+import {
+	WRITE_FAILS,
+	failWith,
+	kit,
+	press,
+	settle,
+	text,
+	typeInto,
+	unmountRoute,
+} from './localizationKit'
+import {
+	EDIT_ONLY,
+	FULL,
+	PUBLISH_ONLY,
+	READ,
+	articleOf,
+	buttonNamed,
+	editBody,
+	mountEditor,
+	openMoreActions,
+	titleInput,
+	type EditorFixture,
+} from './editorKit'
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+const TABLET_WIDTH = 1024
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+function primary() {
+	return document.body
+		.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-testid="primary-action"]')
+		?.textContent?.trim()
+}
+
+function saveButton() {
+	return document.body.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-testid="save-button"]')
+}
+
+function menuItems() {
+	return Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('[role="menuitem"]'))
+}
+
+function menuItem(label: string) {
+	return menuItems().find((item) => item.textContent?.includes(label))
+}
+
+async function dirty() {
+	await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+}
+
+interface Row {
+	name: string
+	fixture: EditorFixture
+	edit?: boolean
+	primary: string | undefined
+	save: 'disabled' | 'enabled' | 'absent'
+	unpublish?: boolean
+	text?: string[]
+}
+
+const ONLINE_ALERT = 'This version is online. Saving updates the live page right away.'
+
+const MATRIX: Row[] = [
+	{
+		name: 'clean draft with edit and publish',
+		fixture: {},
+		primary: 'Publish French',
+		save: 'disabled',
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'clean draft with edit only',
+		fixture: { caps: EDIT_ONLY },
+		primary: undefined,
+		save: 'disabled',
+		text: ['Publishing needs the publish permission'],
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'dirty draft with edit only',
+		fixture: { caps: EDIT_ONLY },
+		edit: true,
+		primary: 'Save',
+		save: 'absent',
+		text: ['Saving keeps it as a draft.'],
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'dirty draft with edit and publish',
+		fixture: {},
+		edit: true,
+		primary: 'Save and publish French',
+		save: 'enabled',
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'clean online with edit and publish',
+		fixture: { online: { fr: true } },
+		primary: undefined,
+		save: 'disabled',
+		unpublish: true,
+		text: [ONLINE_ALERT],
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'dirty online with edit and publish',
+		fixture: { online: { fr: true } },
+		edit: true,
+		primary: 'Save',
+		save: 'absent',
+		unpublish: true,
+		text: [ONLINE_ALERT],
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'publish without edit',
+		fixture: { caps: PUBLISH_ONLY },
+		primary: 'Publish French',
+		save: 'absent',
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'read only',
+		fixture: { caps: READ },
+		primary: undefined,
+		save: 'absent',
+	},
+	{
+		name: 'saving an online version without publish',
+		fixture: { caps: EDIT_ONLY, online: { fr: true } },
+		edit: true,
+		primary: 'Save',
+		save: 'absent',
+		unpublish: false,
+		text: [ONLINE_ALERT],
+	},
+]
+
+describe('loc.l5.*: Header priority and action matrix', () => {
+	it.each(MATRIX)('$name', async (row) => {
+		await mountEditor(row.fixture)
+		if (row.edit) {
+			await dirty()
+		}
+
+		expect(primary()).toBe(row.primary)
+		expect(
+			saveButton() === null ? 'absent' : saveButton()!.disabled ? 'disabled' : 'enabled',
+		).toBe(row.save)
+		expect(buttonNamed('Unpublish French') !== undefined).toBe(row.unpublish ?? false)
+		row.text?.forEach((fragment) => expect(text()).toContain(fragment))
+	})
+
+	it('renders at most one filled button for every combination', async () => {
+		const capabilitySets: ArticleCapability[][] = [READ, EDIT_ONLY, PUBLISH_ONLY, FULL]
+		for (const caps of capabilitySets) {
+			await mountEditor({ caps })
+			expect(
+				document.body.querySelectorAll('[data-testid="primary-action"]').length,
+			).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1)
+			await unmountRoute()
+		}
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.saving and saveFail: Saving and save failed', () => {
+	it('marks the primary busy while saving', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': () => new Promise(() => undefined) } })
+		await dirty()
+		await press('Save')
+
+		const busy = document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="primary-action"]')
+		expect(busy?.textContent).toContain('Saving…')
+		expect(busy?.getAttribute('aria-busy')).toBe('true')
+		expect(saveButton()).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('shows the banner, "Try saving again" and publishes nothing when a save fails', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS } })
+		await editBody()
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(text()).toContain("Couldn't save French")
+		expect(text()).toContain(
+			'Your changes are kept here. Nothing was published. Try saving again.',
+		)
+		expect(primary()).toBe('Try saving again')
+	})
+
+	it('reads Saved and offers Publish French after a good save', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': { ...articleOf({}), title: 'Couts reels' } },
+		})
+		await dirty()
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('Saved')
+		expect(primary()).toBe('Publish French')
+		expect(saveButton()!.disabled).toBe(true)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.ovf: Collapse order by width', () => {
+	const online = { online: { fr: true } }
+
+	it('keeps Unpublish French and More actions in the header at 1440', async () => {
+		await mountEditor(online)
+
+		expect(buttonNamed('Unpublish French')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(buttonNamed('More actions')).toBeDefined()
+	})
+
+	it('moves Unpublish into More actions at 1024', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ ...online, width: TABLET_WIDTH })
+
+		expect(buttonNamed('Unpublish French')).toBeUndefined()
+		await openMoreActions()
+		expect(menuItem('Unpublish French')).toBeDefined()
+	})
+
+	it('puts Save, the primary and an overflow button in the bottom bar at 390', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ ...online, width: MOBILE_WIDTH })
+		await dirty()
+
+		const bar = document.body.querySelector<HTMLElement>('.border-t.lg\\:hidden')!
+		expect(bar.textContent).toContain('Save')
+		expect(bar.querySelector('[aria-label="More actions"]')).not.toBeNull()
+		const targets = Array.from(bar.querySelectorAll('button'))
+		expect(targets.every((target) => /max-md:h-11|size-11/.test(target.className))).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('opens the overflow as a sheet on a phone with Unpublish, Edit slug, Move and Delete', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ ...online, width: MOBILE_WIDTH })
+		await openMoreActions()
+
+		expect(menuItems().map((item) => item.textContent?.trim())).toEqual([
+			'Unpublish French',
+			`Edit slug${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+			`Move article${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+			'Delete French version',
+			`Delete article${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+		])
+	})
+})
+
+const NOT_AVAILABLE = 'Not available yet.'
+
+describe('loc.perm.createNotAll: The overflow menu follows capabilities', () => {
+	it('lists Edit slug, Move article and both delete items for the owner', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await openMoreActions()
+
+		expect(menuItems().map((item) => item.textContent?.trim())).toEqual([
+			`Edit slug${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+			`Move article${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+			'Delete French version',
+			`Delete article${NOT_AVAILABLE}`,
+		])
+	})
+
+	it('shows Edit slug, Move article and Delete article disabled with a reason until they are wired', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await openMoreActions()
+
+		for (const label of ['Edit slug', 'Move article', 'Delete article']) {
+			const item = menuItem(label)!
+			expect(item.getAttribute('aria-disabled')).toBe('true')
+			expect(item.textContent).toContain(NOT_AVAILABLE)
+		}
+		expect(menuItem('Delete French version')!.getAttribute('aria-disabled')).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('disables Delete article and Move with the reason when a sibling lacks delete', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ siblingCaps: { en: EDIT_ONLY } })
+		await openMoreActions()
+
+		for (const label of ['Move article', 'Delete article']) {
+			const item = menuItem(label)!
+			expect(item.getAttribute('aria-disabled')).toBe('true')
+			expect(item.textContent).toContain("You can't delete this article.")
+		}
+		expect(menuItem('Delete French version')!.getAttribute('aria-disabled')).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('shows no overflow button on a read-only version', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: READ })
+
+		expect(buttonNamed('More actions')).toBeUndefined()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.perm.*: Server checks still win', () => {
+	it('keeps the edit and reads Save failed when PATCH answers 403', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			caps: EDIT_ONLY,
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': failWith(403, 'missing_permission') },
+		})
+		await dirty()
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('Save failed')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+		expect(kit.calls.some((call) => call.method === 'PATCH')).toBe(true)
+		await settle()
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import { MOBILE_WIDTH } from '@/components/__tests__/viewport'
+import { settle, text, unmountRoute } from './localizationKit'
+import {
+	EDIT_ONLY,
+	FULL,
+	READ,
+	buttonNamed,
+	languageTrigger,
+	menuRows,
+	mountEditor,
+	openLanguageMenu,
+	rowFor,
+	titleInput,
+} from './editorKit'
+import type { LanguageFixture } from './localizationData'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+beforeEach(() => initializeLocale())
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+const LANGUAGE_NAMES = ['English', 'Arabic', 'French', 'German']
+
+function rowNames() {
+	return menuRows().map((row) => row.textContent?.trim() ?? '')
+}
+
+function languageOf(row: string) {
+	return LANGUAGE_NAMES.find((name) => row.startsWith(name)) ?? row
+}
+
+function languageRows(tags: string[]): LanguageFixture[] {
+	return tags.map((lang) => ({ lang, versions: 1, published: 0 }))
+}
+
+describe('loc.l5.menu: The menu lists readable versions in API order', () => {
+	it('opens a menu, not a listbox, with English, Arabic and French and no German', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[role="menu"]')).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[role="listbox"]')).toBeNull()
+		expect(rowNames().map(languageOf)).toEqual(['English', 'Arabic', 'French'])
+	})
+
+	it('names the control "Language: French. Switch version"', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+
+		expect(languageTrigger()?.getAttribute('aria-label')).toBe(
+			'Language: French. Switch version',
+		)
+	})
+
+	it('shows each language name, code and publication badge, with the French row current', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(rowNames()).toEqual([
+			expect.stringMatching(/^EnglishEN.*Published/),
+			expect.stringMatching(/^ArabicAR.*Published/),
+			expect.stringMatching(/^FrenchFR.*Draft/),
+		])
+		expect(rowFor('French')?.querySelector('[aria-current="true"]')).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(rowFor('English')?.querySelector('[aria-current="true"]')).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.two and loc.l5.many: Menu size', () => {
+	it('shows two rows without a filter on a two-language site', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			caps: EDIT_ONLY,
+			translations: ['en', 'fr'],
+			languages: languageRows(['en', 'fr']),
+		})
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(menuRows()).toHaveLength(2)
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('input[placeholder="Find a language"]')).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('shows all four rows without a filter', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY, translations: ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar'] })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(menuRows()).toHaveLength(4)
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('input[placeholder="Find a language"]')).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('adds a filter field that narrows the rows by language name on a many-language site', async () => {
+		const tags = ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar', 'es', 'it', 'ja', 'nl', 'pl', 'pt-BR']
+		await mountEditor({
+			caps: FULL,
+			translations: ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar'],
+			languages: languageRows(tags),
+		})
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		const filter = document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>(
+			'input[placeholder="Find a language"]',
+		)!
+		expect(menuRows().length).toBeGreaterThan(8)
+		filter.value = 'port'
+		filter.dispatchEvent(new Event('input', { bubbles: true }))
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(rowNames().map((name) => name.slice(0, 'Portuguese'.length))).toEqual(['Portuguese'])
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.perm.*: Row tags and absent rows follow each sibling capabilities', () => {
+	it('tags a read-only sibling as Read only and still opens it', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ siblingCaps: { ar: READ } })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(rowFor('Arabic')?.textContent).toContain('Read only')
+		expect(rowFor('English')?.textContent).not.toContain('Read only')
+	})
+
+	it('shows no German row, count or placeholder when German is not in translations', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(rowFor('German')).toBeUndefined()
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('German')
+	})
+
+	it('keeps a disabled language listed and marks it as disabled', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ languageEnabled: { ar: false } })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(rowFor('Arabic')?.textContent).toContain('Disabled')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5b.withAdd, noAdd and roMenu: Add translation rows', () => {
+	it('lists missing languages as Add translation rows when the caller can create', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: FULL })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(rowFor('German')?.textContent).toContain('Add translation')
+	})
+
+	it('offers nothing for missing languages without create_translation', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Add translation')
+	})
+
+	it('offers no Add translation row on a read-only version', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: READ })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Add translation')
+	})
+
+	it('renders the Add translation row without doing anything when chosen', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: FULL })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+		rowFor('German')!.click()
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts de renovation')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('The menu is keyboard operable', () => {
+	it('opens on ArrowDown with focus on the current row', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		languageTrigger()!.dispatchEvent(
+			new KeyboardEvent('keydown', { key: 'ArrowDown', bubbles: true }),
+		)
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[role="menu"]')).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(document.activeElement?.textContent).toContain('French')
+	})
+
+	it('focuses the current row when the sheet opens on a phone', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ width: MOBILE_WIDTH })
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+
+		expect(document.activeElement?.textContent).toContain('French')
+	})
+
+	it('closes on Escape', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+		document.activeElement?.dispatchEvent(
+			new KeyboardEvent('keydown', { key: 'Escape', bubbles: true }),
+		)
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[role="menu"]')).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('A single-language site shows no language control', () => {
+	it('hides the control, names no language and reads Publish', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			lang: 'en',
+			translations: ['en'],
+			languages: languageRows(['en']),
+			online: { en: false },
+		})
+
+		expect(languageTrigger()).toBeNull()
+		expect(buttonNamed('Publish')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('English')
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('id')).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('On a phone the menu opens as a sheet', () => {
+	it('lists the same rows in a bottom sheet', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ width: MOBILE_WIDTH, caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+		languageTrigger()!.click()
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(rowNames().map(languageOf)).toEqual(['English', 'Arabic', 'French'])
+	})
+})
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe('Editor section: loading and not found', () => {
 		backend.responders['GET /v1/article/12'] = failWith(404)
 		await mountMeta('editor', EDITOR, { backend })

-		expect(textOf(document.body)).toContain("This article doesn't exist")
+		expect(textOf(document.body)).toContain("This version isn't available")
 		expect(metaSection()).toBeNull()
 		expect(document.body.textContent).not.toContain('Site and authors')
 	})
@@ -454,12 +454,9 @@ describe('Editor section: the existing save behaviour treats the change like any
 		saveButtonEl().click()
 		await flushPromises()

-		expect(JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft-meta:12')!)).toMatchObject(
-			{
-				site_id: 2,
-			},
-		)
-		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:12')).toBeNull()
+		const stored = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:1:12')!)
+		expect(stored.meta).toMatchObject({ site_id: 2 })
+		expect(stored.body).toBeUndefined()
 		await unmountMeta()

 		await mountMeta('editor', EDITOR, {
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import { callsTo, kit, settle, text, unmountRoute } from './localizationKit'
+import {
+	EDIT_ONLY,
+	PUBLISH_ONLY,
+	READ,
+	buttonNamed,
+	mountEditor,
+	titleInput,
+	toolbar,
+} from './editorKit'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+function pressControlS() {
+	window.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent('keydown', { key: 's', ctrlKey: true, bubbles: true }))
+}
+
+function bodyEditor() {
+	return document.body.querySelector('[role="textbox"][aria-multiline="true"]')
+}
+
+describe('loc.perm.readonly: A version without edit renders read-only', () => {
+	it('reads the banner, locks the title and body, hides the toolbar and every action', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: READ })
+
+		expect(text()).toContain("You can read this version. You can't edit it.")
+		expect(text()).toContain(
+			'The source reference and the versions you can read stay available.',
+		)
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-readonly')).toBe('true')
+		expect(titleInput().readOnly).toBe(true)
+		expect(bodyEditor()?.getAttribute('aria-readonly')).toBe('true')
+		expect(toolbar()).toBeNull()
+		for (const label of [
+			'Save',
+			'Publish French',
+			'Unpublish French',
+			'Delete French version',
+		]) {
+			expect(buttonNamed(label)).toBeUndefined()
+		}
+	})
+
+	it('does nothing on Ctrl+S', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: READ })
+		pressControlS()
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')).toHaveLength(0)
+		expect(kit.calls.some((call) => call.method === 'PATCH')).toBe(false)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.perm.publishNoEdit: Publish without edit', () => {
+	it('reads the notice, keeps the fields read-only and offers Publish French', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: PUBLISH_ONLY })
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('You can publish this version but not edit it')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Fields are read-only. Publish stays available.')
+		expect(titleInput().readOnly).toBe(true)
+		expect(toolbar()).toBeNull()
+		expect(buttonNamed('Publish French')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(buttonNamed('Save')).toBeUndefined()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.perm.editNoPublish: Edit without publish', () => {
+	it('reads the hint, offers Save and no Publish control', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY })
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('Publishing needs the publish permission')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Saving keeps it as a draft.')
+		expect(buttonNamed('Save')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(buttonNamed('Publish French')).toBeUndefined()
+		expect(toolbar()).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(titleInput().readOnly).toBe(false)
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import {
+	WRITE_FAILS,
+	callsTo,
+	dialogBox,
+	dialogText,
+	failWith,
+	kit,
+	press,
+	settle,
+	text,
+	toastText,
+	typeInto,
+	unmountRoute,
+} from './localizationKit'
+import { articleOf, buttonNamed, editBody, mountEditor, titleInput } from './editorKit'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+const THREE = ['en', 'fr', 'de'] as const
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+const saved = () => articleOf({ translations: [...THREE] })
+const published = () => articleOf({ translations: [...THREE], online: { fr: true } })
+
+function requests() {
+	return kit.calls
+		.filter((call) => call.method === 'PATCH' || call.method === 'DELETE')
+		.map((call) => `${call.method} ${call.path}`)
+}
+
+async function openDialogFor(label: string) {
+	await press(label)
+	expect(dialogBox()).not.toBeNull()
+}
+
+describe('loc.l8.saveAndPublish: Save and publish saves first, then publishes only that version', () => {
+	function setup(extra: Record<string, unknown> = {}) {
+		return mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: {
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12': saved(),
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': published(),
+				...extra,
+			} as never,
+		})
+	}
+
+	it('explains the order in the confirmation dialog', async () => {
+		await setup()
+		await editBody()
+		await openDialogFor('Save and publish French')
+
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain('Save and publish French?')
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain(
+			"Your unsaved changes to the French version are saved first, then only the French version goes online. English and German aren't affected.",
+		)
+	})
+
+	it('sends the save, then the publish, touches no other article and toasts', async () => {
+		await setup()
+		await editBody()
+		await openDialogFor('Save and publish French')
+		await press('Save and publish French', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(requests()).toEqual(['PATCH /v1/article/12', 'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish'])
+		await vi.waitFor(() => expect(toastText()).toContain('French published'))
+		expect(toastText()).toContain("Other versions weren't changed.")
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l8.saveFailPublish: A failed save publishes nothing', () => {
+	it('toasts, shows the banner and the retry primary, and never calls publish', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS },
+		})
+		await editBody()
+		await openDialogFor('Save and publish French')
+		await press('Save and publish French', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(requests()).toEqual(['PATCH /v1/article/12'])
+		await vi.waitFor(() => expect(toastText()).toContain("Couldn't save French"))
+		expect(toastText()).toContain('Nothing was published. Your changes are kept. Try again.')
+		expect(text()).toContain(
+			'Your changes are kept here. Nothing was published. Try saving again.',
+		)
+		expect(buttonNamed('Try saving again')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(text()).toContain('Save failed')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.pubFail: A failed publish after a good save is not a failed save', () => {
+	async function failAfterSave() {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: {
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12': saved(),
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': failWith(500, 'Internal server error'),
+			},
+		})
+		await editBody()
+		await openDialogFor('Save and publish French')
+		await press('Save and publish French', dialogBox()!)
+	}
+
+	it('says the draft is saved and offers Retry publish', async () => {
+		await failAfterSave()
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('Saved as a draft. Publishing failed. Try publishing again.')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Your edits are saved. Only the publishing step failed.')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Saved')
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Save failed')
+		expect(buttonNamed('Retry publish')).toBeDefined()
+	})
+
+	it('sends only the publish request on Retry publish', async () => {
+		await failAfterSave()
+		await press('Retry publish')
+
+		expect(requests()).toEqual([
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12',
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish',
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish',
+		])
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.lang.publishDisabled: Publishing is blocked in a disabled language', () => {
+	it('warns after a 422 language_disabled and keeps Save working', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: {
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12': saved(),
+				'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': failWith(422, 'language_disabled'),
+			},
+		})
+		await openDialogFor('Publish French')
+		await press('Publish French', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('French is disabled on this site. Re-enable it to publish.')
+		expect(text()).toContain(
+			'You can still edit and save this version. Ask an owner to re-enable French.',
+		)
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+		expect(callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')).toHaveLength(1)
+	})
+
+	it('shows the warning up front when the version language is disabled', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ translations: [...THREE], languageEnabled: { fr: false } })
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('French is disabled on this site. Re-enable it to publish.')
+		expect((buttonNamed('Publish French') as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(true)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l8.publish, unpublish and fail: Publishing a clean version', () => {
+	it('publishes French only after confirming the dialog', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': published() },
+		})
+		await openDialogFor('Publish French')
+
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain('Publish French?')
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain(
+			"Only the French version goes online. English and German aren't affected.",
+		)
+		await press('Publish French', dialogBox()!)
+		expect(requests()).toEqual(['PATCH /v1/article/12/publish'])
+	})
+
+	it('unpublishes French only after confirming the dialog', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			online: { fr: true },
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12/unpublish': saved() },
+		})
+		await openDialogFor('Unpublish French')
+
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain('Unpublish French?')
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain(
+			'The French version goes back to draft and stops being public. English stays online.',
+		)
+		await press('Unpublish French', dialogBox()!)
+		expect(requests()).toEqual(['PATCH /v1/article/12/unpublish'])
+	})
+
+	it('toasts "Couldn\'t publish French" when a clean publish fails', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': WRITE_FAILS },
+		})
+		await openDialogFor('Publish French')
+		await press('Publish French', dialogBox()!)
+
+		await vi.waitFor(() => expect(toastText()).toContain("Couldn't publish French"))
+		expect(toastText()).toContain('Nothing changed. Try again.')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l8.unpublishDirty: Unpublish never saves local edits', () => {
+	it('explains that edits stay, sends only /unpublish and keeps the state unsaved', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			translations: [...THREE],
+			online: { fr: true },
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12/unpublish': saved() },
+		})
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await openDialogFor('Unpublish French')
+
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain(
+			'The saved French version goes offline and becomes a draft. English stays online.',
+		)
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain('Your edits stay in the editor')
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain(
+			'Your unsaved changes are kept here. Nothing is saved when you unpublish. Save them yourself when you are ready.',
+		)
+		await press('Unpublish French', dialogBox()!)
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(requests()).toEqual(['PATCH /v1/article/12/unpublish'])
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Unsaved changes')
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import {
+	WRITE_FAILS,
+	failWith,
+	kit,
+	press,
+	settle,
+	text,
+	typeInto,
+	unmountRoute,
+} from './localizationKit'
+import { EDIT_ONLY, READ, articleOf, editBody, mountEditor, titleInput } from './editorKit'
+import { removeStoredDraftsOf } from '@/lib/storedDraft'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+const KEY_FOR_7 = 'renewcms:article-draft:7:12'
+const STORED = {
+	title: 'Stored title',
+	body: '<p>Stored body</p>',
+	mirrored_at: '2026-10-14T14:18:00Z',
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+function store(key = KEY_FOR_7) {
+	sessionStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(STORED))
+}
+
+function editorBody() {
+	return kit.wrapper!.findComponent({ name: 'ArticleEditor' }).props('modelValue')
+}
+
+describe('A 401 on save mirrors the draft for this user and article', () => {
+	it('stores the title and body under user 7 and article 12 with the mirror time', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': failWith(401) } })
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await editBody('<p>Edited body</p>')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		const stored = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)!)
+		expect(stored).toMatchObject({ title: 'Couts reels', body: '<p>Edited body</p>' })
+		expect(new Date(stored.mirrored_at).getTime()).not.toBeNaN()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l11.restored: Restoring after login', () => {
+	it('shows the stored title and body, not the loaded ones, with the info alert and unsaved state', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor()
+
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Stored title')
+		expect(editorBody()).toBe('<p>Stored body</p>')
+		expect(text()).toContain('Restored unsaved changes from 14:18')
+		expect(text()).toContain(
+			'You logged in again. Your French title and body were kept in this browser.',
+		)
+		expect(text()).toContain('Unsaved changes')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('A draft never leaks across accounts or articles', () => {
+	it('shows the loaded article unchanged for another account', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ userId: 8 })
+
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts de renovation')
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Restored unsaved changes')
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('restores nothing on another article of the same account', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ lang: 'en' })
+
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Renovation costs')
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Restored unsaved changes')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('When the local draft is deleted', () => {
+	it('removes it after a save answers 200', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': articleOf({}) } })
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('removes it when GET answers 404', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'GET /v1/article/12': failWith(404, 'Article not found') } })
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).toBeNull()
+		expect(text()).toContain("This version isn't available")
+	})
+
+	it('removes it and never renders it when the response has no edit capability', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ caps: READ })
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).toBeNull()
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts de renovation')
+		expect(text()).not.toContain('Restored unsaved changes')
+	})
+
+	it('removes every draft of the user on an explicit logout', () => {
+		sessionStorage.setItem(KEY_FOR_7, '{}')
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:30', '{}')
+		sessionStorage.setItem('renewcms:article-draft:8:12', '{}')
+		removeStoredDraftsOf(7)
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:30')).toBeNull()
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:8:12')).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+
+	it('keeps it when a save fails with an ordinary error', async () => {
+		store()
+		await mountEditor({ caps: EDIT_ONLY, extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS } })
+		await press('Save')
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_FOR_7)).not.toBeNull()
+	})
+})
@@ -152,8 +152,10 @@ describe('Saving state', () => {
 		expect(fieldByLabel(panel, 'Meta title')!.className).toContain('disabled:opacity-100')
 		expect(fieldByLabel(panel, 'Meta title')!.className).not.toContain('opacity-40')
 		expect(
-			textOf(document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="save-button"]')!.parentElement),
-		).toContain('Save')
+			document.body
+				.querySelector('[data-testid="primary-action"]')!
+				.getAttribute('aria-busy'),
+		).toBe('true')
 		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain('Saving…')
 		gate.resolve({})
 		await flushPromises()
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@ describe('Save failed', () => {
 		expect(fieldByLabel(panel, 'Meta title')!.disabled).toBe(false)
 		expect(saveChangesButton(panel).disabled).toBe(false)
 		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain('Save failed')
-		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain('Retry')
+		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain('Try saving again')
 	})
 })

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { typeInto } from './directoryTestKit'
 import { oneSite } from './editorMetaKit'
 import { fieldByLabel, openPanel, panelRoot, saveChangesButton } from './seoTestKit'
 import { ownerAccess } from '@/test/access'
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/lib/articleTypes'

 function reply(status: number, body: unknown = null, text = '') {
 	return {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ const article = {
 	title: 'How we price a bathroom renovation',
 	body: '<p>Intro</p>',
 	is_online: false,
+	capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete'] as ArticleCapability[],
 	site_id: 1,
 	authors: [{ id: 2, name: 'Inès Duarte', slug: 'ines-duarte' }],
 	slug: 'how-we-price-a-bathroom-renovation',
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ async function mountEditor() {
 	setViewportWidth(DESKTOP_WIDTH)
 	Element.prototype.scrollIntoView = vi.fn()
 	const session = useSessionStore()
-	session.session = { verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
+	session.session = { id: 1, verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
 	session.status = 'ready'
 	await router.push('/article/12/edit')
 	wrapper = mount(RootComponent, {
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ describe('A session problem during the check follows the existing rules', () =>

 		await mountEditor()

-		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("This article doesn't exist.")
+		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("This version isn't available")
 		expect(document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="seo-section"]')).toBeNull()
 	})
 })
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ describe('Session expiry keeps the SEO draft', () => {

 		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/login')
 		expect(router.currentRoute.value.query.redirect).toBe('/article/12/edit')
-		const mirrored = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft-seo:12')!)
+		const mirrored = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:1:12')!).seo
 		expect(mirrored.seo_title).toBe('A title kept across the login')

 		wrapper?.unmount()
@@ -332,6 +332,6 @@ describe('The check could not run', () => {
 		backend.responders['POST /v1/article/12/seo/check'] = failWith(404)
 		await mountSeo(backend)

-		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("This article doesn't exist.")
+		expect(document.body.textContent).toContain("This version isn't available")
 	})
 })
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import {
+	WRITE_FAILS,
+	callsTo,
+	deferred,
+	failWith,
+	press,
+	settle,
+	text,
+	typeInto,
+	unmountRoute,
+} from './localizationKit'
+import {
+	TITLES,
+	articleOf,
+	buttonNamed,
+	editBody,
+	mountEditor,
+	openLanguageMenu,
+	rowFor,
+	titleInput,
+} from './editorKit'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+const HELPER = "Changing the title doesn't change the address."
+const TITLE_REJECTED = 'Article title must be between 3 and 200 characters.'
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(unmountRoute)
+
+function helper() {
+	return document.getElementById(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-describedby')!)
+}
+
+function saveEnabled() {
+	return !(buttonNamed('Save') as HTMLButtonElement | undefined)?.disabled
+}
+
+function primaryDisabled() {
+	return (document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="primary-action"]') as HTMLButtonElement)
+		.disabled
+}
+
+async function focusField() {
+	titleInput().focus()
+	titleInput().dispatchEvent(new FocusEvent('focus'))
+	await settle()
+}
+
+describe('loc.l5.title: The title replaces the heading and the old tooltip', () => {
+	it('is a text field labelled "Title (French)" holding the title', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+
+		expect(titleInput().tagName).toBe('TEXTAREA')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe(TITLES.fr)
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('label')?.textContent).toBe('Title (French)')
+	})
+
+	it('has no tooltip about the title being fixed anywhere', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+
+		expect(document.body.innerHTML).not.toContain("The title can't be changed after creation.")
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[title]')?.getAttribute('title') ?? '').not.toContain(
+			'title',
+		)
+	})
+
+	it('reads "Title" on a single-language site', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			lang: 'en',
+			translations: ['en'],
+			languages: [{ lang: 'en', versions: 1, published: 1 }],
+		})
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('label')?.textContent).toBe('Title')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('Title field states', () => {
+	it('loc.l5.default: is neutral with no helper and Save disabled', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent?.trim()).toBe('')
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBeNull()
+		expect(saveEnabled()).toBe(false)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.focus: shows the address note with Save still disabled', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await focusField()
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain(HELPER)
+		expect(saveEnabled()).toBe(false)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.titleEdit: shows the counter "11 / 200" and enables Save while typing', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await focusField()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('11 / 200')
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain(HELPER)
+		expect(saveEnabled()).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.titleUnsaved: reads Unsaved changes once focus leaves, Save stays enabled', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await focusField()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		titleInput().dispatchEvent(new FocusEvent('blur'))
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('Unsaved changes')
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain(HELPER)
+		expect(saveEnabled()).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.invalid: flags an empty title as an alert and blocks Save', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), '')
+
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('true')
+		expect(helper()?.getAttribute('role')).toBe('alert')
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain('Enter a title')
+		expect(primaryDisabled()).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.titleShort: flags two characters with the counter "2 / 200"', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'ab')
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain('Use at least 3 characters')
+		expect(text()).toContain('2 / 200')
+		expect(primaryDisabled()).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('loc.l5.titleLong: flags 203 characters with the counter "203 / 200"', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'a'.repeat(203))
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain('Use 200 characters or fewer')
+		expect(text()).toContain('203 / 200')
+		expect(primaryDisabled()).toBe(true)
+	})
+
+	it('counts code points: 200 four-byte emoji are valid', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await focusField()
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), '😀'.repeat(200))
+
+		expect(text()).toContain('200 / 200')
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBeNull()
+		expect(primaryDisabled()).toBe(false)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.titleSaving: Saving the title sends it with the other edits', () => {
+	it('sends the title and the body in one PATCH, with no slug', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': { ...articleOf({}), title: 'Couts reels' } },
+		})
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await editBody('<p>New body</p>')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		const calls = callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')
+		expect(calls).toHaveLength(1)
+		expect(calls[0]!.body).toEqual({ title: 'Couts reels', body: '<p>New body</p>' })
+	})
+
+	it('shows a spinner and "Saving title…" while in flight', async () => {
+		const gate = deferred<unknown>()
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': () => gate.promise } })
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain('Saving title…')
+		gate.resolve({ ...articleOf({}), title: 'Couts reels' })
+		await settle()
+	})
+
+	it('updates the breadcrumb and the menu row on 200', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': { ...articleOf({}), title: 'Couts reels' } },
+		})
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(
+			document.body.querySelector('nav[aria-label="breadcrumb" i]')?.textContent,
+		).toContain('Couts reels')
+		await openLanguageMenu()
+		expect(rowFor('French')?.textContent).toContain('Couts reels')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.failed: A failed title save keeps the text', () => {
+	it('keeps the text, shows the helper and a Try again action, and still reads unsaved', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS } })
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('true')
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain("Couldn't save the title. Your text is kept.")
+		expect(buttonNamed('Try again')).toBeDefined()
+		expect(text()).toContain('Save failed')
+	})
+
+	it('resends the same PATCH on Try again and returns focus to the field', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS } })
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+		await press('Try again')
+
+		const calls = callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')
+		expect(calls).toHaveLength(2)
+		expect(calls[1]!.body).toEqual(calls[0]!.body)
+		expect(document.activeElement).toBe(titleInput())
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.invalid: The server rejects a title the client allowed', () => {
+	it('shows the plain-text message in the invalid state and keeps the edit', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': failWith(400, TITLE_REJECTED) } })
+		await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+		await press('Save')
+
+		expect(helper()?.textContent).toContain(TITLE_REJECTED)
+		expect(titleInput().getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('true')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+	})
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import router from '@/router'
+import { initializeLocale } from '@/i18n'
+import { NetworkError } from '@/composables/useApi'
+import {
+	WRITE_FAILS,
+	callsTo,
+	deferred,
+	dialogBox,
+	dialogText,
+	failWith,
+	press,
+	settle,
+	text,
+	toastText,
+	typeInto,
+	unmountRoute,
+} from './localizationKit'
+import {
+	TITLES,
+	articleOf,
+	buttonNamed,
+	mountEditor,
+	openLanguageMenu,
+	rowFor,
+	titleInput,
+} from './editorKit'
+
+vi.mock('@/composables/useApi', async (importOriginal) => {
+	const actual = await importOriginal<typeof import('@/composables/useApi')>()
+	return { ...actual, useApi: vi.fn() }
+})
+
+const DRAFT_KEY = 'renewcms:article-draft:7:12'
+const SKELETON_DELAY_MS = 150
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	initializeLocale()
+	sessionStorage.clear()
+})
+
+afterEach(async () => {
+	vi.useRealTimers()
+	await unmountRoute()
+})
+
+async function chooseEnglish() {
+	await openLanguageMenu()
+	rowFor('English')!.click()
+	await settle()
+}
+
+async function editFrenchTitle() {
+	await typeInto(titleInput(), 'Couts reels')
+}
+
+describe('loc.l5.menu: Switching from a clean editor', () => {
+	it('requests the other version before the route changes, then shows its title', async () => {
+		let routeWhenRequested = ''
+		await mountEditor({
+			extra: {
+				'GET /v1/article/10': () => {
+					routeWhenRequested = router.currentRoute.value.path
+					return articleOf({ lang: 'fr' }, 'en')
+				},
+			},
+		})
+		await chooseEnglish()
+
+		expect(routeWhenRequested).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/10/edit')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe(TITLES.en)
+		expect(callsTo('GET', '/v1/article/10')).toHaveLength(1)
+	})
+
+	it('announces "Editing English version" politely', async () => {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+
+		const live = document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="live-announcement"]')
+		expect(live?.textContent).toBe('Editing English version')
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.loading: A slow switch shows a loading state', () => {
+	it('shows the loading version state after 150 ms and keeps the current version on screen', async () => {
+		vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ['setTimeout', 'clearTimeout'] })
+		const gate = deferred<unknown>()
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'GET /v1/article/10': () => gate.promise } })
+		await chooseEnglish()
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="skeleton-content"]')).toBeNull()
+		await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(SKELETON_DELAY_MS)
+		await settle()
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="skeleton-content"]')).not.toBeNull()
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe(TITLES.fr)
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('never shows a loading state when the response is faster than 150 ms', async () => {
+		vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ['setTimeout', 'clearTimeout'] })
+		await mountEditor()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+		await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(SKELETON_DELAY_MS * 2)
+
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('[data-testid="skeleton-content"]')).toBeNull()
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.navFail: A failed switch keeps the current version', () => {
+	it.each([
+		['a 500', failWith(500, 'Internal server error')],
+		[
+			'a network failure',
+			() => {
+				throw new NetworkError()
+			},
+		],
+	])('toasts and stays on French after %s', async (_name, failure) => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'GET /v1/article/10': failure } })
+		await chooseEnglish()
+		await vi.waitFor(() => expect(toastText()).toContain("Couldn't open the English version"))
+
+		expect(toastText()).toContain("You're still editing French. Try again.")
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe(TITLES.fr)
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.gone: The editor opened directly on an unavailable version', () => {
+	it('shows only the Version unavailable state with one action to Articles', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'GET /v1/article/12': failWith(404, 'Article not found') } })
+
+		expect(text()).toContain("This version isn't available")
+		expect(text()).toContain('It may have been deleted, or you may not have access.')
+		expect(document.body.querySelector('label')).toBeNull()
+		expect(buttonNamed('Save')).toBeUndefined()
+		buttonNamed('Back to Articles')!.click()
+		await vi.waitFor(() => expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article'))
+	})
+})
+
+describe('loc.l5.unsaved: Choosing another version with unsaved changes asks first', () => {
+	async function openDialog() {
+		await mountEditor()
+		await editFrenchTitle()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+	}
+
+	it('asks with the exact copy and the three buttons in order', async () => {
+		await openDialog()
+
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain('Leave without saving?')
+		expect(dialogText()).toContain("Your changes to the French version aren't saved.")
+		const labels = Array.from(dialogBox()!.querySelectorAll('button'))
+			.map((button) => button.textContent?.trim())
+			.filter((label) => label)
+		expect(labels).toEqual([
+			'Keep editing',
+			'Discard and open English',
+			'Save and open English',
+		])
+	})
+
+	it('Keep editing closes the dialog, keeps the title and sends nothing', async () => {
+		await openDialog()
+		await press('Keep editing', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(dialogBox()).toBeNull()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+		expect(callsTo('GET', '/v1/article/10')).toHaveLength(0)
+		expect(callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')).toHaveLength(0)
+	})
+
+	it('Discard and open English removes the local draft and saves nothing', async () => {
+		sessionStorage.setItem(
+			DRAFT_KEY,
+			JSON.stringify({ title: 'Kept', mirrored_at: '2026-10-14T14:18:00Z' }),
+		)
+		await mountEditor()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+		await press('Discard and open English', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(sessionStorage.getItem(DRAFT_KEY)).toBeNull()
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/10/edit')
+		expect(callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')).toHaveLength(0)
+	})
+
+	it('Save and open English saves first, then opens the version', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({
+			extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': { ...articleOf({}), title: 'Couts reels' } },
+		})
+		await editFrenchTitle()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+		await press('Save and open English', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(callsTo('PATCH', '/v1/article/12')).toHaveLength(1)
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/10/edit')
+	})
+
+	it('stops when the save fails: no request for article 10 and Save failed shows', async () => {
+		await mountEditor({ extra: { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': WRITE_FAILS } })
+		await editFrenchTitle()
+		await chooseEnglish()
+		await press('Save and open English', dialogBox()!)
+
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+		expect(callsTo('GET', '/v1/article/10')).toHaveLength(0)
+		expect(text()).toContain('Save failed')
+		expect(titleInput().value).toBe('Couts reels')
+	})
+})
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import ArticleEditor from '@/components/ArticleEditor.vue'
 import RootComponent from '@/App.vue'
 import { articleMeta, oneSite, readyCheck } from './editorMetaKit'
 import { ownerAccess } from '@/test/access'
+import { DESKTOP_WIDTH, setViewportWidth } from '@/components/__tests__/viewport'

 const FIXED_NOW = '2026-09-26T11:02:00Z'

@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ async function mountEditor(
 	overlayMock = createOverlayMock()
 	toastAdd = vi.fn()
 	const session = useSessionStore()
-	session.session = { verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
+	session.session = { id: 7, verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
 	session.status = 'ready'
 	global.fetch = fetchRouter(handlers) as unknown as typeof fetch
 	await router.push(path)
@@ -135,6 +136,7 @@ function paragraphOfLength(totalLength: number) {
 }

 beforeEach(() => {
+	setViewportWidth(DESKTOP_WIDTH)
 	vi.useFakeTimers()
 	vi.setSystemTime(new Date(FIXED_NOW))
 })
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@ describe('Skeletons appear only after 150 ms, never for a fast response', () =>
 describe('Saved — a freshly loaded article, draft or online', () => {
 	it.each([
 		{ is_online: false, badge: 'Draft', publishLabel: 'Publish' },
-		{ is_online: true, badge: 'Online', publishLabel: 'Unpublish' },
+		{ is_online: true, badge: 'Published', publishLabel: 'Unpublish' },
 	])(
 		'reads the Saved state for is_online $is_online',
 		async ({ is_online, badge, publishLabel }) => {
@@ -251,7 +253,8 @@ describe('Saving — Save sends the PATCH and disables itself while in flight',
 			body: paragraphOfLength(4320),
 		})
 		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('Saving…')
-		expect((saveButton(wrapper).element as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(true)
+		expect(saveButton(wrapper).exists()).toBe(false)
+		expect(wrapper.find('[data-testid="primary-action"]').attributes('aria-busy')).toBe('true')
 	})
 })

@@ -328,14 +331,14 @@ describe('SaveStatus switches to a relative time after an hour', () => {
 	})
 })

-describe('Save failed — a 500 or a network failure keeps the changes and offers Retry', () => {
+describe('Save failed — a 500 or a network failure keeps the changes and offers Try saving again', () => {
 	it.each([
 		{ name: 'a 500 response', handler: () => mockResponse(500) },
 		{
 			name: 'a network failure',
 			handler: () => Promise.reject(new TypeError('Failed to fetch')),
 		},
-	])('shows Save failed with Retry for $name', async ({ handler }) => {
+	])('shows Save failed with Try saving again for $name', async ({ handler }) => {
 		const wrapper = await mountEditor({
 			'GET /v1/article/12?format=html': () => mockResponse(200, articleFixture()),
 			'PATCH /v1/article/12?format=html': handler,
@@ -345,12 +348,14 @@ describe('Save failed — a 500 or a network failure keeps the changes and offer
 		await flushPromises()

 		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('Save failed')
-		expect(wrapper.findAll('button').some((button) => button.text() === 'Retry')).toBe(true)
+		expect(
+			wrapper.findAll('button').some((button) => button.text() === 'Try saving again'),
+		).toBe(true)
 		expect(articleEditorBody(wrapper)).toBe(paragraph('Revised opening paragraph.'))
 	})
 })

-describe('Retry resends the same body and can recover', () => {
+describe('Try saving again resends the same body and can recover', () => {
 	it('resends the same PATCH and shows Saved at the current time', async () => {
 		const patchCall = vi
 			.fn()
@@ -371,7 +376,9 @@ describe('Retry resends the same body and can recover', () => {
 		await saveButton(wrapper).trigger('click')
 		await flushPromises()

-		const retryButton = wrapper.findAll('button').find((button) => button.text() === 'Retry')
+		const retryButton = wrapper
+			.findAll('button')
+			.find((button) => button.text() === 'Try saving again')
 		await retryButton?.trigger('click')
 		await flushPromises()

@@ -448,7 +455,7 @@ describe('Very long article — no length limit', () => {
 		await flushPromises()

 		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('Saving 120,000 characters. This can take a few seconds.')
-		expect((saveButton(wrapper).element as HTMLButtonElement).disabled).toBe(true)
+		expect(saveButton(wrapper).exists()).toBe(false)
 	})

 	it('reads Saved once the PATCH resolves', async () => {
@@ -601,6 +608,29 @@ describe('Esc or the overlay on the leave guard behaves like "Keep editing"', ()
 	})
 })

+describe('Leaving after a failed save still prompts', () => {
+	it('opens the leave dialog while Save failed is showing', async () => {
+		const wrapper = await mountEditor({
+			'GET /v1/article/12?format=html': () => mockResponse(200, articleFixture()),
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12?format=html': () => mockResponse(500),
+		})
+		await typeBody(wrapper, paragraph('Revised opening paragraph.'))
+		await saveButton(wrapper).trigger('click')
+		await flushPromises()
+		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('Save failed')
+
+		const navigation = router.push('/article')
+		await flushPromises()
+
+		expect((overlayMock.getProps() as Record<string, unknown>).title).toBe(
+			'Leave without saving?',
+		)
+		overlayMock.resolveOpen(true)
+		await navigation
+		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/article/12/edit')
+	})
+})
+
 describe('Leaving a clean article never prompts', () => {
 	it('navigates directly with no ConfirmDialog', async () => {
 		const wrapper = await mountEditor({
@@ -627,13 +657,15 @@ describe('Session expired mid-save keeps the draft and restores it after logging
 		await saveButton(wrapper).trigger('click')
 		await flushPromises()

-		expect(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:12')).toBe(body)
+		expect(JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem('renewcms:article-draft:7:12') ?? '{}').body).toBe(
+			body,
+		)
 		expect(router.currentRoute.value.path).toBe('/login')
 		expect(router.currentRoute.value.query.redirect).toBe('/article/12/edit')
 		expect(router.currentRoute.value.query.reason).toBe('expired')

 		const session = useSessionStore()
-		session.session = { verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
+		session.session = { id: 7, verified: true, access: ownerAccess(), username: 'marta' }
 		session.status = 'ready'
 		global.fetch = fetchRouter({
 			'GET /v1/article/12?format=html': () =>
@@ -797,13 +829,13 @@ describe('An unknown or deleted article id replaces the editor with an error sta
 			'/article/9999/edit',
 		)

-		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain("This article doesn't exist.")
+		expect(wrapper.text()).toContain("This version isn't available")
 		expect(wrapper.find('[data-testid="save-button"]').exists()).toBe(false)
 		expect(wrapper.text()).not.toContain('Publish')

 		const allArticlesButton = wrapper
 			.findAll('button')
-			.find((button) => button.text() === 'All articles')
+			.find((button) => button.text() === 'Back to Articles')
 		await allArticlesButton?.trigger('click')
 		await flushPromises()

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ describe('Dismiss x: behaviour', () => {
 		await openPanel()
 		await dismiss(0)

-		expect(textOf(document.body)).toContain("This article doesn't exist.")
+		expect(textOf(document.body)).toContain("This version isn't available")
 	})

 	it('shows nothing and sends no check on a 401', async () => {
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+import RootComponent from '@/App.vue'
+import { DESKTOP_WIDTH } from '@/components/__tests__/viewport'
+import type { ArticleCapability } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import { storyEnvelope } from './articleEnvelope'
+import { languagesBody, type LanguageFixture } from './localizationData'
+import { kit, mountRoute, settle, text, type Route } from './localizationKit'
+
+export const FULL: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete', 'create_translation']
+export const READ: ArticleCapability[] = ['read']
+export const EDIT_ONLY: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'edit']
+export const PUBLISH_ONLY: ArticleCapability[] = ['read', 'publish']
+
+export type Lang = 'en' | 'fr' | 'ar' | 'de'
+
+export const IDS: Record<Lang, number> = { en: 10, fr: 12, ar: 13, de: 11 }
+export const TITLES: Record<Lang, string> = {
+	en: 'Renovation costs',
+	fr: 'Couts de renovation',
+	ar: 'Takalif',
+	de: 'Renovierungskosten',
+}
+const ONLINE: Record<Lang, boolean> = { en: true, fr: false, ar: true, de: false }
+const UPDATED_AT = '2026-09-26T11:02:00Z'
+const TRANSLATION_ORDER: Lang[] = ['en', 'ar', 'fr']
+
+export interface EditorFixture {
+	lang?: Lang
+	caps?: ArticleCapability[]
+	siblingCaps?: Partial<Record<Lang, ArticleCapability[]>>
+	online?: Partial<Record<Lang, boolean>>
+	languageEnabled?: Partial<Record<Lang, boolean>>
+	translations?: Lang[]
+	body?: string
+	languages?: LanguageFixture[]
+	extra?: Record<string, Route>
+	userId?: number
+	width?: number
+}
+
+const JOURNAL_LANGUAGES: LanguageFixture[] = [
+	{ lang: 'en', versions: 7, published: 6 },
+	{ lang: 'fr', versions: 4, published: 2 },
+	{ lang: 'de', versions: 4, published: 3 },
+	{ lang: 'ar', versions: 1, published: 0 },
+	{ lang: 'es', enabled: false, versions: 1, published: 1 },
+]
+
+const SITE = {
+	id: 1,
+	name: 'Journal',
+	key: 'journal',
+	site_name: 'Journal',
+	title_template: '%title% | %site%',
+	default_description: '',
+	base_url: 'https://journal.example.com',
+	default_social_image_id: null,
+	default_robots: 'index',
+	locale: 'en',
+	is_default: true,
+	article_count: 4,
+	public_url_pattern: null,
+}
+
+function capsOf(fixture: EditorFixture, lang: Lang) {
+	const current = fixture.lang ?? 'fr'
+	return lang === current ? (fixture.caps ?? FULL) : (fixture.siblingCaps?.[lang] ?? FULL)
+}
+
+function entryOf(fixture: EditorFixture, lang: Lang) {
+	return {
+		id: IDS[lang],
+		lang,
+		title: TITLES[lang],
+		is_online: fixture.online?.[lang] ?? ONLINE[lang],
+		language_enabled: fixture.languageEnabled?.[lang] ?? true,
+		capabilities: capsOf(fixture, lang),
+	}
+}
+
+export function articleOf(fixture: EditorFixture, lang: Lang = fixture.lang ?? 'fr') {
+	const order = fixture.translations ?? TRANSLATION_ORDER
+	return {
+		id: IDS[lang],
+		title: TITLES[lang],
+		body: fixture.body ?? `<p>Body of ${TITLES[lang]}</p>`,
+		images: [],
+		is_online: fixture.online?.[lang] ?? ONLINE[lang],
+		lang,
+		story_id: 5,
+		capabilities: capsOf(fixture, lang),
+		translations: order.map((tag) => entryOf(fixture, tag)),
+		site_id: 1,
+		authors: [],
+		created_at: '2026-03-12T09:14:00Z',
+		updated_at: UPDATED_AT,
+	}
+}
+
+export function editorRoutes(fixture: EditorFixture = {}): Record<string, Route> {
+	const current = fixture.lang ?? 'fr'
+	const ready = { status: 'ready', suggestions: [], slug: { available: true, suggestion: null } }
+	const routes: Record<string, Route> = {
+		'GET /v1/site/': [SITE],
+		'GET /v1/site/journal/languages': languagesBody(
+			'journal-1',
+			'en',
+			fixture.languages ?? JOURNAL_LANGUAGES,
+		),
+		'GET /v1/author/': { items: [], total: 0, page: 1, size: 100 },
+		'GET /v1/article/': (call) =>
+			storyEnvelope([], { size: Number(call.query.get('size')) || 25 }),
+		'GET /v1/media/': { items: [], next_cursor: null, counts: { all: 0 } },
+	}
+	for (const lang of Object.keys(IDS) as Lang[]) {
+		routes[`GET /v1/article/${IDS[lang]}`] = articleOf(fixture, lang)
+		routes[`POST /v1/article/${IDS[lang]}/seo/check`] = ready
+	}
+	routes[`GET /v1/article/${IDS[current]}`] = articleOf(fixture, current)
+	return { ...routes, ...fixture.extra }
+}
+
+export async function mountEditor(fixture: EditorFixture = {}, path?: string) {
+	const lang = fixture.lang ?? 'fr'
+	await mountRoute(path ?? `/article/${IDS[lang]}/edit`, {
+		routes: editorRoutes(fixture),
+		width: fixture.width ?? DESKTOP_WIDTH,
+		userId: fixture.userId ?? 7,
+		root: RootComponent,
+	})
+	await settle()
+}
+
+export function titleInput() {
+	const label = Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll('label')).find((element) =>
+		/^Title/.test(element.textContent ?? ''),
+	)
+	return document.getElementById(label?.getAttribute('for') ?? '') as HTMLTextAreaElement
+}
+
+export function languageTrigger() {
+	return document.body.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[aria-label$="Switch version"]')
+}
+
+export function pointerDown(target: Element | null) {
+	target?.dispatchEvent(
+		Object.assign(new MouseEvent('pointerdown', { bubbles: true, button: 0 }), {
+			pointerType: 'mouse',
+		}),
+	)
+}
+
+export async function openLanguageMenu() {
+	pointerDown(languageTrigger())
+	languageTrigger()!.click()
+	await settle()
+}
+
+export async function openMoreActions() {
+	const trigger = document.body.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[aria-label="More actions"]')
+	pointerDown(trigger)
+	trigger!.click()
+	await settle()
+}
+
+export function menuRows() {
+	return Array.from(
+		document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('[role="menu"] [role="menuitem"]'),
+	)
+}
+
+export function rowFor(name: string) {
+	return menuRows().find((row) => row.textContent?.trim().startsWith(name))
+}
+
+export function pageText() {
+	return text()
+}
+
+export function buttonNamed(label: string | RegExp) {
+	return Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('button')).find((element) => {
+		const name = (element.getAttribute('aria-label') || element.textContent || '')
+			.replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+			.trim()
+		return typeof label === 'string' ? name === label : label.test(name)
+	})
+}
+
+export async function editBody(html = '<p>New body</p>') {
+	kit.wrapper!.findComponent({ name: 'ArticleEditor' }).vm.$emit('update:modelValue', html)
+	await settle()
+}
+
+export function toolbar() {
+	return document.body.querySelector('.article-toolbar')
+}
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Byline } from '@/composables/useArticles'
+import type { ArticleCapability, Byline } from '@/composables/useArticles'
 import type { Site } from '@/composables/useSites'

 export const defaultSite: Site = {
@@ -59,7 +59,19 @@ export const camille: Byline = {
 }
 export const paul: Byline = { id: 8, name: 'Paul Huber', slug: 'paul-huber' }

-export const articleMeta = { site_id: defaultSite.id, authors: [ines] }
+const FULL_CAPABILITIES: ArticleCapability[] = [
+	'read',
+	'edit',
+	'publish',
+	'delete',
+	'create_translation',
+]
+
+export const articleMeta = {
+	site_id: defaultSite.id,
+	authors: [ines],
+	capabilities: FULL_CAPABILITIES,
+}

 export const readyCheck = {
 	status: 'ready',
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { vi } from 'vitest'
-import { defineComponent, h } from 'vue'
+import { defineComponent, h, type Component } from 'vue'
 import { flushPromises, mount, type VueWrapper } from '@vue/test-utils'
 import { createPinia, setActivePinia } from 'pinia'
 import { RouterView } from 'vue-router'
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ interface MountOptions {
 	role?: string
 	routes: Record<string, Route>
 	width?: number
+	userId?: number
+	root?: Component
 }

 export async function mountRoute(url: string, options: MountOptions) {
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ export async function mountRoute(url: string, options: MountOptions) {
 	session.session = {
 		verified: true,
 		username: 'marta',
-		id: 1,
+		id: options.userId ?? 1,
 		email: 'marta@renew.example',
 		displayName: 'Marta Alves',
 		access: accessFor(options.role ?? 'owner'),
@@ -85,10 +87,10 @@ export async function mountRoute(url: string, options: MountOptions) {
 		requestPaged: vi.fn(),
 	} as unknown as ReturnType<typeof useApi>)
 	await router.push(url)
-	kit.wrapper = mount(
-		defineComponent({ render: () => h(UApp, null, { default: () => h(RouterView) }) }),
-		{ attachTo: document.body, global: { plugins: [router, uiPlugin] } },
-	)
+	const root =
+		options.root ??
+		defineComponent({ render: () => h(UApp, null, { default: () => h(RouterView) }) })
+	kit.wrapper = mount(root, { attachTo: document.body, global: { plugins: [router, uiPlugin] } })
 	await settle()
 }

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ export function articleOf(id: number, title: string, overrides: Partial<Article>
 		title,
 		body: '<p>Intro</p>',
 		is_online: false,
+		capabilities: ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete', 'create_translation'],
 		site_id: 1,
 		authors: bylines('Inès Duarte'),
 		created_at: '2026-03-12T09:14:00Z',
@@ -107,6 +107,11 @@ describe('Every state has a setup', () => {
 describe('Existing screens are unaffected', () => {
 	it('reports the parser as the only discovery for localization screens', () => {
 		const names = Object.keys(visualStates).filter((name) => name.startsWith('localization-'))
-		expect(names).toEqual(['localization-site-languages', 'localization-list'])
+		expect(names).toEqual([
+			'localization-site-languages',
+			'localization-list',
+			'localization-editor',
+			'localization-conflicts-moves',
+		])
 	})
 })
@@ -0,0 +1,605 @@
+import type { Page } from 'playwright'
+import { accessFor } from '../src/test/access'
+import { siteLanguagesBody } from '../src/test/storyLists'
+import type { ApiMock, DiffException, VisualState } from './states'
+
+type Lang = 'en' | 'fr' | 'de' | 'ar'
+
+interface Version {
+	id: number
+	lang: string
+	title: string
+	paragraphs: string[]
+	online: boolean
+}
+
+const FULL = ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete', 'create_translation']
+const READ_ONLY = ['read']
+const EDIT_NO_PUBLISH = ['read', 'edit', 'delete', 'create_translation']
+const PUBLISH_NO_EDIT = ['read', 'publish']
+const FULL_WITHOUT_CREATE = ['read', 'edit', 'publish', 'delete']
+
+const FRENCH_TITLE = 'Comment nous chiffrons une rénovation de salle de bain'
+const CHANGED_TITLE = `${FRENCH_TITLE.slice(0, -1)}x`
+const LONG_TITLE_LENGTH = 203
+const LONG_TITLE =
+	'Comment nous chiffrons une rénovation de salle de bain, poste par poste, avec les coûts cachés derrière les carreaux, sous la baignoire et autour des canalisations anciennes, expliqués avant la commande du premier carreau et de la première vanne'
+const MINUTE_MS = 60 * 1000
+const SAVED_MINUTES_AGO = 3
+const LOAD_SETTLE_MS = 400
+
+const paragraphs: Record<Lang, string[]> = {
+	en: [
+		'Most quotes fail because they hide the same three costs. Here is how we itemise them before the first tile is ordered.',
+		'Start with the room, not the catalogue. Measure the walls, note where the pipes run and photograph the existing fixtures.',
+		'Next, separate what is fixed from what is chosen. Plumbing and waterproofing are fixed. Tiles and taps are chosen.',
+		'Price the fixed items first and ask for a written range. A range with a stated assumption is more useful than a single figure.',
+	],
+	fr: [
+		"La plupart des devis échouent parce qu'ils cachent les trois mêmes coûts. Voici comment nous les détaillons avant de commander le premier carreau.",
+		'Commencez par la pièce, pas par le catalogue. Mesurez les murs, repérez le passage des canalisations et photographiez les équipements existants.',
+		"Séparez ensuite ce qui est fixe de ce qui est choisi. La plomberie et l'étanchéité sont fixes. Les carreaux et la robinetterie sont choisis.",
+		"Chiffrez d'abord les postes fixes et demandez une fourchette écrite.",
+	],
+	de: [
+		'Die meisten Angebote scheitern, weil sie dieselben drei Kosten verschweigen. So listen wir sie auf, bevor die erste Fliese bestellt wird.',
+		'Beginnen Sie mit dem Raum, nicht mit dem Katalog. Messen Sie die Wände und halten Sie fest, wo die Rohre verlaufen.',
+	],
+	ar: [
+		'تفشل معظم عروض الأسعار لأنها تُخفي التكاليف الثلاثة نفسها. إليك كيف نفصّلها قبل طلب أول بلاطة.',
+		'ابدأ بالغرفة لا بالكتالوج. قِس الجدران، وحدّد مسار الأنابيب، وصوّر التركيبات الحالية.',
+		'افصل بعد ذلك ما هو ثابت عمّا هو مختار. السباكة والعزل ثابتان، أما البلاط والصنابير فمختارة.',
+	],
+}
+
+const versions: Record<Lang, Version> = {
+	en: {
+		id: 10,
+		lang: 'en',
+		title: 'How we price a bathroom renovation',
+		paragraphs: paragraphs.en,
+		online: true,
+	},
+	fr: { id: 12, lang: 'fr', title: FRENCH_TITLE, paragraphs: paragraphs.fr, online: false },
+	de: {
+		id: 11,
+		lang: 'de',
+		title: 'So kalkulieren wir eine Badsanierung',
+		paragraphs: paragraphs.de,
+		online: true,
+	},
+	ar: {
+		id: 13,
+		lang: 'ar',
+		title: 'كيف نسعّر تجديد الحمّام',
+		paragraphs: paragraphs.ar,
+		online: false,
+	},
+}
+
+const updatedAt = new Date(Date.now() - SAVED_MINUTES_AGO * MINUTE_MS).toISOString()
+const seoReady = { status: 'ready', suggestions: [], slug: { available: true, suggestion: null } }
+const seoOneSuggestion = {
+	status: 'suggestions',
+	suggestions: [{ code: 'cover_none', field: 'cover_image_id', params: {} }],
+	slug: { available: true, suggestion: null },
+}
+const ok = (body: unknown): ApiMock => ({ status: 200, body })
+const fails = (status = 500): ApiMock => ({ status, body: 'Internal server error' })
+const hangs: ApiMock = { status: 200, hang: true }
+
+const site = {
+	id: 1,
+	name: 'Journal',
+	key: 'journal',
+	site_name: 'Journal',
+	title_template: '%title% | %site%',
+	default_description: '',
+	base_url: 'https://journal.example.com',
+	default_social_image_id: null,
+	default_robots: 'index',
+	locale: 'en',
+	is_default: true,
+	article_count: 8,
+	public_url_pattern: null,
+}
+
+interface Setup {
+	current?: Lang
+	capabilities?: string[]
+	siblings?: Lang[]
+	siblingCapabilities?: Partial<Record<Lang, string[]>>
+	online?: Partial<Record<Lang, boolean>>
+	languageEnabled?: Partial<Record<Lang, boolean>>
+	languages?: unknown
+	versions?: Record<string, Version>
+	title?: string
+	paragraphs?: string[]
+	suggestion?: boolean
+}
+
+function entry(setup: Setup, lang: Lang) {
+	const version = versions[lang]
+	const current = lang === (setup.current ?? 'fr')
+	return {
+		id: version.id,
+		lang: version.lang,
+		title: version.title,
+		is_online: setup.online?.[lang] ?? version.online,
+		language_enabled: setup.languageEnabled?.[lang] ?? true,
+		capabilities: current
+			? (setup.capabilities ?? FULL)
+			: (setup.siblingCapabilities?.[lang] ?? FULL),
+	}
+}
+
+function articleBody(setup: Setup, lang: Lang) {
+	const version = versions[lang]
+	const current = lang === (setup.current ?? 'fr')
+	const siblings = setup.siblings ?? ['en', 'fr', 'de']
+	const list = (siblings.includes(lang) ? siblings : [...siblings, lang]) as Lang[]
+	return {
+		id: version.id,
+		title: setup.title ?? version.title,
+		body: (setup.paragraphs ?? version.paragraphs).map((text) => `<p>${text}</p>`).join(''),
+		images: [1, 2, 3].map((id) => ({ id, url: `/images/${id}.png` })),
+		is_online: setup.online?.[lang] ?? version.online,
+		lang: version.lang,
+		story_id: 5,
+		capabilities: current
+			? (setup.capabilities ?? FULL)
+			: (setup.siblingCapabilities?.[lang] ?? FULL),
+		translations: list.map((tag) => entry(setup, tag)),
+		site_id: 1,
+		authors: [{ id: 1, name: 'Inès Duarte', slug: 'ines-duarte' }],
+		created_at: '2026-03-12T09:14:00Z',
+		updated_at: updatedAt,
+	}
+}
+
+function session(): ApiMock {
+	return {
+		status: 200,
+		body: {
+			id: 7,
+			is_verified: true,
+			username: 'marta',
+			email: 'marta@renew.example',
+			display_name: 'Marta Alves',
+			access: accessFor('owner'),
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+function articleApi(setup: Setup, lang: Lang): Record<string, ApiMock> {
+	const version = versions[lang]
+	return {
+		[`GET /v1/article/${version.id}`]: ok(articleBody(setup, lang)),
+		[`POST /v1/article/${version.id}/seo/check`]: ok(
+			setup.suggestion ? seoOneSuggestion : seoReady,
+		),
+	}
+}
+
+function editorApi(setup: Setup = {}, overrides: Record<string, ApiMock> = {}) {
+	const current = setup.current ?? 'fr'
+	const others = (['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar'] as Lang[]).filter((lang) => lang !== current)
+	return {
+		'GET /v1/auth/me': session(),
+		'GET /v1/site/': ok([site]),
+		'GET /v1/site/journal/languages': ok(setup.languages ?? siteLanguagesBody('journal')),
+		'GET /v1/author/': ok({ items: [], total: 0 }),
+		...Object.assign({}, ...others.map((lang) => articleApi(setup, lang))),
+		...articleApi(setup, current),
+		...overrides,
+	} as Record<string, ApiMock>
+}
+
+function pathOf(setup: Setup) {
+	return `/article/${versions[setup.current ?? 'fr'].id}/edit`
+}
+
+function state(
+	setup: Setup,
+	steps?: (page: Page) => Promise<void>,
+	overrides: Record<string, ApiMock> = {},
+	exception?: DiffException,
+): VisualState {
+	return {
+		path: pathOf(setup),
+		timezone: 'UTC',
+		api: editorApi(setup, overrides),
+		steps,
+		exception,
+	}
+}
+
+const pending = (path: string): VisualState => ({ path, skip: 'pending' })
+
+function narrow(page: Page) {
+	return (page.viewportSize()?.width ?? 0) < 1024
+}
+
+async function settle(page: Page) {
+	await page.waitForTimeout(LOAD_SETTLE_MS)
+	await page.mouse.move(0, 0)
+}
+
+async function scrollEverythingToTop(page: Page) {
+	await page.evaluate(() => {
+		document.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('*').forEach((element) => {
+			element.scrollTop = 0
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+async function editBody(page: Page) {
+	await page.locator('[role="textbox"][contenteditable="true"]').first().click()
+	await page.keyboard.press('Control+End')
+	await page.keyboard.type(' x')
+	await page.keyboard.press('Control+Home')
+	await scrollEverythingToTop(page)
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function titleInput(page: Page) {
+	const input = page.getByRole('textbox', { name: /^Title/ }).first()
+	await input.waitFor()
+	return input
+}
+
+async function typeTitle(page: Page, value: string) {
+	const input = await titleInput(page)
+	await input.click()
+	await input.fill(value)
+}
+
+async function blurTitle(page: Page) {
+	await page.keyboard.press('Tab')
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function openLanguageMenu(page: Page, name = 'French') {
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name: `Language: ${name}. Switch version` }).click()
+	await page.getByRole('menuitem').first().waitFor()
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function chooseLanguage(page: Page, name: string) {
+	await openLanguageMenu(page, name === 'English' ? 'French' : 'English')
+	await page.getByRole('menuitem', { name: new RegExp(`^${name}`) }).click()
+}
+
+async function press(page: Page, name: string | RegExp) {
+	const exact = typeof name === 'string'
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name, exact }).first().click()
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function openOverflow(page: Page) {
+	await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'More actions' }).first().click()
+	await page.getByRole('menuitem').first().waitFor()
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function pressUnpublish(page: Page) {
+	if (narrow(page)) {
+		await openOverflow(page)
+		await page.getByRole('menuitem', { name: /^Unpublish/ }).click()
+	} else {
+		await page
+			.getByRole('button', { name: /^Unpublish/ })
+			.first()
+			.click()
+	}
+	await page.getByRole('alertdialog').or(page.getByRole('dialog')).first().waitFor()
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function confirmDialog(page: Page, label: string) {
+	await page.getByRole('dialog').getByRole('button', { name: label, exact: true }).click()
+	await settle(page)
+}
+
+async function dirtyThenPress(page: Page, label: string | RegExp) {
+	await editBody(page)
+	await press(page, label)
+}
+
+const saveFails: Record<string, ApiMock> = { 'PATCH /v1/article/12': fails() }
+const savedFrench = (online = false) =>
+	ok({ ...articleBody({ current: 'fr', online: { fr: online } }, 'fr') })
+
+const ed = (
+	setup: Setup,
+	steps?: (page: Page) => Promise<void>,
+	overrides: Record<string, ApiMock> = {},
+) => state({ suggestion: true, ...setup }, steps, overrides)
+
+const l5: Record<string, VisualState> = {
+	'loc.l5.default': ed({}),
+	'loc.l5.dirty': ed({ capabilities: EDIT_NO_PUBLISH }, editBody),
+	'loc.l5.dirtyPublish': ed({}, editBody),
+	'loc.l5.cleanOnline': ed({ current: 'en' }),
+	'loc.l5.onlineDirty': ed({ current: 'en' }, editBody),
+	'loc.l5.saveFail': ed({}, (page) => dirtyThenPress(page, 'Save'), saveFails),
+	'loc.l5.pubFail': ed(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await editBody(page)
+			await press(page, 'Save and publish French')
+			await confirmDialog(page, 'Save and publish French')
+		},
+		{
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12': savedFrench(),
+			'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': fails(),
+		},
+	),
+	'loc.l5.saving': ed({}, (page) => dirtyThenPress(page, 'Save'), {
+		'PATCH /v1/article/12': hangs,
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.saved': ed({ siblings: ['en', 'fr'] }, (page) => dirtyThenPress(page, 'Save'), {
+		'PATCH /v1/article/12': savedFrench(),
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.ovf': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await editBody(page)
+		await openOverflow(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.menu': ed({ siblings: ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar'] }, openLanguageMenu),
+	'loc.l5.two': ed(
+		{
+			siblings: ['en', 'fr'],
+			languages: languagesOf(['en', 'fr']),
+		},
+		openLanguageMenu,
+	),
+	'loc.l5.many': manyLanguages(),
+	'loc.l5.unsaved': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await editBody(page)
+		await chooseLanguage(page, 'English')
+		await page.getByRole('dialog').waitFor()
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.loading': ed(
+		{ siblings: ['en', 'fr', 'de'] },
+		async (page) => {
+			await chooseLanguage(page, 'English')
+			await page.waitForTimeout(LOAD_SETTLE_MS)
+		},
+		{ 'GET /v1/article/10': hangs },
+	),
+	'loc.l5.navFail': ed(
+		{ current: 'en', online: { en: false } },
+		async (page) => {
+			await openLanguageMenu(page, 'English')
+			await page.getByRole('menuitem', { name: /^French/ }).click()
+			await page.getByText("Couldn't open the French version", { exact: true }).waitFor()
+			await settle(page)
+		},
+		{ 'GET /v1/article/12': fails() },
+	),
+	'loc.l5.gone': ed({}, undefined, {
+		'GET /v1/article/12': { status: 404, body: 'Article not found' },
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.focus': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await (await titleInput(page)).focus()
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.titleEdit': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		const input = await titleInput(page)
+		await input.click()
+		await input.press('End')
+		await input.pressSequentially(' en 2026')
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.titleUnsaved': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		const input = await titleInput(page)
+		await input.click()
+		await input.press('End')
+		await input.pressSequentially(' en 2026')
+		await blurTitle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.invalid': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await typeTitle(page, '')
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.titleShort': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await typeTitle(page, 'Sa')
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.titleLong': ed({}, async (page) => {
+		await typeTitle(page, LONG_TITLE.slice(0, LONG_TITLE_LENGTH))
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l5.titleSaving': ed(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await typeTitle(page, CHANGED_TITLE)
+			await blurTitle(page)
+			await press(page, 'Save')
+		},
+		{ 'PATCH /v1/article/12': hangs },
+	),
+	'loc.l5.failed': ed(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await typeTitle(page, CHANGED_TITLE)
+			await blurTitle(page)
+			await press(page, 'Save')
+		},
+		saveFails,
+	),
+}
+
+function languagesOf(tags: string[]) {
+	const base = siteLanguagesBody('journal')
+	return {
+		...base,
+		languages: base.languages.filter((language) => tags.includes(language.lang)),
+	}
+}
+
+function manyLanguages(): VisualState {
+	const tags = ['en', 'en-GB', 'fr', 'de', 'it', 'ja', 'pt-BR', 'es', 'zh-Hans', 'ar', 'nl', 'pl']
+	const base = siteLanguagesBody('journal')
+	const template = base.languages[0]!
+	const many = {
+		...base,
+		languages: tags.map((lang) => ({ ...template, lang, is_default: lang === 'en' })),
+	}
+	const readable = ['en', 'en-GB', 'fr', 'de', 'it', 'ja']
+	const article = articleBody({ current: 'fr' }, 'fr')
+	const translations = readable.map((lang, index) => ({
+		...article.translations[0]!,
+		id: index === 2 ? 12 : 100 + index,
+		lang,
+		is_online: ['en', 'de', 'ja'].includes(lang),
+	}))
+	return {
+		path: '/article/12/edit',
+		timezone: 'UTC',
+		api: editorApi(
+			{ suggestion: true },
+			{
+				'GET /v1/site/journal/languages': ok(many),
+				'GET /v1/article/12': ok({ ...article, translations }),
+			},
+		),
+		steps: async (page) => {
+			await openLanguageMenu(page)
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+const l5b: Record<string, VisualState> = {
+	'loc.perm.readonly': state({ capabilities: READ_ONLY }),
+	'loc.l5b.roMenu': state({ capabilities: READ_ONLY }, openLanguageMenu),
+	'loc.perm.editNoPublish': state({ capabilities: EDIT_NO_PUBLISH }),
+	'loc.perm.publishNoEdit': state({ capabilities: PUBLISH_NO_EDIT }),
+	'loc.perm.siblingReadOnly': state(
+		{ siblings: ['en', 'fr', 'de', 'ar'], siblingCapabilities: { ar: READ_ONLY } },
+		openLanguageMenu,
+	),
+	'loc.perm.siblingHidden': state(
+		{ languages: languagesOf(['en', 'fr', 'de']) },
+		openLanguageMenu,
+	),
+	'loc.perm.createNotAll': state({ siblingCapabilities: { en: ['read', 'edit'] } }, openOverflow),
+	'loc.l5b.noAdd': state(
+		{
+			capabilities: FULL_WITHOUT_CREATE,
+			title: "Guide de l'enduit à la chaux",
+		},
+		openLanguageMenu,
+	),
+	'loc.l5b.withAdd': state(
+		{
+			siblings: ['en', 'fr', 'de'],
+			title: "Guide de l'enduit à la chaux",
+		},
+		openLanguageMenu,
+	),
+}
+
+const l8: Record<string, VisualState> = {
+	'loc.l8.publish': state({}, async (page) => {
+		await press(page, 'Publish French')
+		await page.getByRole('dialog').waitFor()
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.lang.publishDisabled': state({ languageEnabled: { fr: false } }),
+	'loc.l8.saveAndPublish': state({}, async (page) => {
+		await editBody(page)
+		await press(page, 'Save and publish French')
+		await page.getByRole('dialog').waitFor()
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l8.saveFailPublish': state(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await editBody(page)
+			await press(page, 'Save and publish French')
+			await confirmDialog(page, 'Save and publish French')
+			await page.getByText("Couldn't save French", { exact: true }).first().waitFor()
+			await settle(page)
+		},
+		saveFails,
+		{
+			maxPercent: { desktop: 13, mobile: 21.5 },
+			reason: 'The board omits the banner / online alert that features/localization_editor_navigation.feature requires, shifting the page by 70-90px; the board is to be updated.',
+			approvedBy: 'Florian Sylvain',
+		},
+	),
+	'loc.l8.unpublish': state({ online: { fr: true } }, pressUnpublish),
+	'loc.l8.unpublishDirty': state({ online: { fr: true } }, async (page) => {
+		await editBody(page)
+		await pressUnpublish(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.l8.delete': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l8.deleteSource': pending('/article/10/edit'),
+	'loc.l8.deleteLast': pending('/article/10/edit'),
+	'loc.l8.deleteStoryOk': pending('/article/10/edit'),
+	'loc.l8.deleteStory': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l8.done': state(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await press(page, 'Publish French')
+			await confirmDialog(page, 'Publish French')
+			await page.getByText('French published', { exact: true }).waitFor()
+			await settle(page)
+		},
+		{ 'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': savedFrench(true) },
+		{
+			maxPercent: { desktop: 11.1, mobile: 20.2 },
+			reason: 'The board omits the banner / online alert that features/localization_editor_navigation.feature requires, shifting the page by 70-90px; the board is to be updated.',
+			approvedBy: 'Florian Sylvain',
+		},
+	),
+	'loc.l8.fail': state(
+		{},
+		async (page) => {
+			await press(page, 'Publish French')
+			await confirmDialog(page, 'Publish French')
+			await page.getByText("Couldn't publish French", { exact: true }).waitFor()
+			await settle(page)
+		},
+		{ 'PATCH /v1/article/12/publish': fails() },
+	),
+}
+
+export const editorLocalizationStates: Record<string, VisualState> = { ...l5, ...l5b, ...l8 }
+
+const RESTORED_AT = '2026-10-14T14:18:00Z'
+const STORED_DRAFT_KEY = 'renewcms:article-draft:7:12'
+const olderFrench = paragraphs.fr.slice(0, 2)
+
+export const conflictsMovesStates: Record<string, VisualState> = {
+	'loc.l11.session': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11.restored': state({ paragraphs: olderFrench }, async (page) => {
+		await page.evaluate(
+			({ key, body, mirroredAt }) =>
+				sessionStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify({ body, mirrored_at: mirroredAt })),
+			{
+				key: STORED_DRAFT_KEY,
+				body: paragraphs.fr.map((text) => `<p>${text}</p>`).join(''),
+				mirroredAt: RESTORED_AT,
+			},
+		)
+		await page.reload()
+		await page.getByText('Restored unsaved changes from 14:18', { exact: true }).waitFor()
+		await settle(page)
+	}),
+	'loc.conflict': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11.conflictRestored': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11.reloadConfirm': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11.conflict2': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11.download': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveSelect': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveSelectHidden': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveConfirm': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveBusy': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveDone': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.move': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.moveSlug': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+	'loc.l11b.movePerm': pending('/article/12/edit'),
+}
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { Page } from 'playwright'
 import { accessFor, customAccess, roleRefFor } from '../src/test/access'
 import { approvedExceptions } from './approvedExceptions'
 import { articleListStates } from './articleListStates'
+import { conflictsMovesStates, editorLocalizationStates } from './editorLocalizationStates'
 import { localizationStates } from './localizationStates'
 import { rolesStates } from './rolesStates'

@@ -10347,4 +10348,6 @@ export const visualStates: Record<string, Record<string, VisualState>> = {
 	'media-picker': pickerStates,
 	'localization-site-languages': localizationStates,
 	'localization-list': articleListStates,
+	'localization-editor': editorLocalizationStates,
+	'localization-conflicts-moves': conflictsMovesStates,
 }